Knee Pain When Squatting and Climbing Stairs: Causes and Solutions

Pain in the left knee when squatting and going up or down stairs?

Hello, doctor.
Last night, when I was about to sit down on a cushion on the floor, I suddenly felt my left knee twist a bit.
Since I woke up today, I've been experiencing discomfort in the front of my left knee.
I need to keep my leg straight when going up and down stairs; bending it causes pain, and I also have to straighten my left leg before squatting.
I would like to know if this is inflammation or a strain.
Should I seek medical attention for an X-ray, or should I observe it and only seek care if it worsens? Thank you, doctor.

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/02/24

Dr. Wang Jiacheng reply Orthopedics

It could be a strain; getting up from a seated position may compress the ligaments or meniscus inside the knee joint.
If the symptoms do not improve, it is advisable to see a physician for a proper evaluation.

Reply Date: 2023/02/24

More Info

Knee pain, especially when squatting or climbing stairs, can be a frustrating and debilitating issue. Based on your description, it sounds like you may be experiencing a combination of mechanical and inflammatory factors affecting your knee joint. Let's explore the potential causes and solutions for your knee pain.

Possible Causes
1. Patellar Tendonitis: Often referred to as "jumper's knee," this condition occurs when the tendon connecting the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone (tibia) becomes inflamed. It can cause pain in the front of the knee, especially during activities that involve bending the knee, such as squatting or climbing stairs.

2. Chondromalacia Patella: This condition involves the softening and breakdown of the cartilage on the underside of the kneecap. It can lead to pain during activities that put pressure on the knee, like squatting or going up and down stairs.

3. Meniscus Tear: A tear in the meniscus, the cartilage that cushions the knee joint, can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the knee. This type of injury often occurs during twisting movements or when putting weight on the knee while it is bent.

4. Ligament Injuries: Injuries to the ligaments, such as the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or medial collateral ligament (MCL), can also result in knee pain, particularly during activities that involve bending or twisting.

5. Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae, small fluid-filled sacs that cushion the knee joint, can lead to pain and swelling, particularly when bending the knee.

Recommended Actions
1. Rest and Ice: Initially, it is crucial to rest the knee and avoid activities that exacerbate the pain. Applying ice to the affected area for 15-20 minutes several times a day can help reduce swelling and alleviate pain.

2. Compression and Elevation: Using a compression bandage can help minimize swelling, and elevating the knee can also assist in reducing inflammation.

3. Over-the-Counter Pain Relief: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen can help relieve pain and reduce inflammation.

4. Gentle Stretching and Strengthening: Once the acute pain subsides, gentle stretching and strengthening exercises for the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles can help improve knee stability and function. However, avoid any movements that cause pain.

5. Physical Therapy: If the pain persists, consider consulting a physical therapist. They can provide a tailored rehabilitation program that focuses on strengthening the muscles around the knee, improving flexibility, and restoring function.

6. Medical Evaluation: If symptoms do not improve with conservative measures or if you experience significant swelling, instability, or locking of the knee, it is advisable to seek medical attention. A healthcare provider may recommend imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRI, to assess for any structural damage.

Conclusion
In summary, your knee pain during squatting and climbing stairs could stem from various causes, including tendonitis, chondromalacia, meniscus tears, ligament injuries, or bursitis. It's essential to listen to your body and take appropriate measures to manage the pain. If the symptoms persist or worsen, seeking medical evaluation is crucial for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Early intervention can often lead to better outcomes and a quicker return to your normal activities.

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