Missed Period: Could It Be Pregnancy After Safe Sex?

Menstruation has not occurred?

On February 19, I had intercourse for the first time, and we used a condom throughout.
From February 19 to March 6, we have had intercourse intermittently.
My last menstrual period started on January 16, and it still hasn't arrived.
However, in the past few days, I've been experiencing breast tenderness and lower abdominal pain.
Is it possible that I could be pregnant? Thank you.

Cheng Cheng, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/03/06

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the chances of pregnancy should be low, but you can take a pregnancy test to check.
If your period still hasn't arrived after another week, it's advisable to see a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2023/03/06

More Info

It sounds like you're experiencing some anxiety regarding a missed period and potential pregnancy after engaging in protected sex. Let's break down your situation and address your concerns.

Firstly, it's important to note that using condoms correctly and consistently is one of the most effective methods of contraception. When used properly, condoms have a failure rate of about 2% to 5% per year, meaning that out of 100 couples using condoms as their only form of birth control, 2 to 5 may experience an unintended pregnancy within a year. However, this assumes perfect use, and factors such as breakage or slippage can increase the risk.

In your case, since you mentioned that you and your partner used condoms throughout your sexual encounters from February 19 to March 6, the likelihood of pregnancy is relatively low, especially if there were no issues with the condom's integrity. However, it's essential to consider that pre-ejaculate fluid (pre-cum) can contain sperm, and if there was any contact with this fluid, there is a slight chance of pregnancy.

Now, regarding your missed period: If your last menstrual period started on January 16 and you have not had a period by now, it is understandable to be concerned. A missed period can be a sign of pregnancy, but it can also be caused by various factors, including stress, hormonal imbalances, changes in weight, or other health issues. The symptoms you mentioned, such as breast tenderness and lower abdominal pain, can also be associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or early pregnancy.

To determine whether you might be pregnant, the best course of action is to take a home pregnancy test. These tests are designed to detect the hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), which is produced during pregnancy. For the most accurate results, it's recommended to take the test after your missed period, as this allows enough time for hCG levels to rise if you are pregnant.

If the home pregnancy test is positive, you should schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider to confirm the pregnancy and discuss your options. If the test is negative but your period still does not arrive, it may be wise to consult a healthcare professional to explore other potential causes for your missed period.

In summary, while the use of condoms significantly reduces the risk of pregnancy, no method is 100% effective. Given your missed period and symptoms, taking a pregnancy test is the next logical step. If you have further concerns or if your symptoms persist, seeking medical advice is always a good idea. Remember, open communication with your partner about contraception and sexual health is crucial for both of your peace of mind.

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