Sudden Testicular Pain: Causes and Concerns - Urology

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Sudden testicular pain can be alarming and may arise from various causes, one of which is testicular torsion (精索扭轉). Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord becomes twisted, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle. This condition is a medical emergency and requires immediate attention, as prolonged torsion can lead to testicular necrosis (death of the testicle) if not treated promptly.

In addition to testicular torsion, other potential causes of sudden testicular pain include:
1. Epididymitis: This is an inflammation of the epididymis, often caused by infections, including sexually transmitted infections. Symptoms may include swelling, redness, and pain in the affected testicle.

2. Orchitis: This refers to inflammation of one or both testicles, which can also be due to viral or bacterial infections. Mumps is a well-known viral cause of orchitis.

3. Trauma or Injury: Any direct trauma to the testicles can result in sudden pain. This could be due to sports injuries, accidents, or even vigorous sexual activity.

4. Hernia: An inguinal hernia can cause pain in the groin and may radiate to the testicles. This occurs when tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles.

5. Testicular Tumors: While less common, tumors can cause pain or discomfort in the testicles. This is usually accompanied by other symptoms, such as a lump or swelling.

6. Referred Pain: Sometimes, pain in the testicles can be referred from other areas, such as the abdomen or lower back. Conditions like kidney stones or gastrointestinal issues can lead to referred pain.

Given the sudden onset of pain you experienced, it is crucial to seek medical evaluation as soon as possible. A healthcare provider will typically conduct a physical examination and may order imaging studies, such as an ultrasound, to assess blood flow to the testicle and rule out torsion or other serious conditions.

In the case of testicular torsion, time is of the essence. If torsion is confirmed, surgical intervention is usually required to untwist the spermatic cord and secure the testicle to prevent recurrence. If treated within a few hours, the chances of saving the testicle are significantly higher.

In summary, while your sudden testicular pain could potentially be due to testicular torsion, it is essential to consider other causes as well. Prompt medical evaluation is necessary to determine the exact cause and initiate appropriate treatment. Do not delay in seeking care, as this could have serious implications for your health.