Gonorrhea and Chlamydia: When to See a Urologist or Infectious Disease Specialist

For issues related to gonorrhea, chlamydia, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), you should consult a urologist or an infectious disease specialist?

Hello, Doctor! I apologize for bothering you, but I would like to ask you some questions regarding gonorrhea and chlamydia.

1.
If someone is infected, will they definitely show symptoms, such as purulent discharge from the urethral opening and burning sensation? If there are no symptoms, does that mean they do not have either of these infections?
2.
I found some information online and would like to understand the window period for these two diseases.
Most sources only mention a 1-2 week incubation period.
It seems that the window period and incubation period are not the same.
How long should one wait before getting tested for accurate results? Or is it unnecessary to get tested if there are no symptoms?
3.
Can kissing someone and exchanging saliva transmit these infections to the throat?
4.
Should sexually transmitted infections be evaluated by a urologist or an infectious disease specialist? I have difficulty determining which specialty to consult.
I know that urologists sometimes require a physical examination, but do infectious disease specialists also perform physical examinations, or do they only review lab reports? I recently had oral sex and kissed someone, and I am a bit worried about these two diseases, but I do not fully understand them, which is why I am asking for your guidance.
Thank you!

Yang, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/05/08

Dr. Lin Wufu reply Internal Medicine

1.
Both types can have asymptomatic infections, and even if there are no symptoms, there is still a possibility of being infectious.
2.
Asymptomatic infections are rare in males, but more common in females.
If there are no symptoms, unless your intimate partner has been diagnosed with gonorrhea or chlamydia, it is still recommended to get screened at a hospital; otherwise, there is no need for special testing.
3.
The likelihood of transmission through kissing is theoretically low, but oral sex does carry a risk (due to direct contact with secretions from the genital area).
4.
Both specialties can be consulted! Whether a visual examination is necessary depends on the physician's assessment of the need (and whether there are any abnormalities to show the physician), and it is not related to the specialty.

Reply Date: 2023/05/08

More Info

Understanding Gonorrhea and Chlamydia: When to See a Urologist or Infectious Disease Specialist
Gonorrhea and chlamydia are two of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, respectively. Both infections can lead to serious health complications if left untreated, but they often present with subtle or no symptoms, which can make diagnosis challenging. Here, I will address your questions regarding these infections and provide guidance on when to seek medical attention.

1. Symptoms and Asymptomatic Infections: It is important to note that not everyone infected with gonorrhea or chlamydia will exhibit symptoms. Many individuals, particularly women, may remain asymptomatic, meaning they do not show any signs of infection. Symptoms, when they do occur, can include a purulent discharge from the urethra, burning sensation during urination, and in some cases, pelvic pain. However, the absence of symptoms does not guarantee that you are free from these infections. Therefore, if you have had potential exposure, it is advisable to get tested regardless of whether you have symptoms.

2. Window Period vs. Incubation Period: The terms "window period" and "incubation period" refer to different concepts. The incubation period is the time between exposure to the infection and the onset of symptoms, which can vary. For gonorrhea and chlamydia, symptoms can appear within 1 to 14 days after exposure. The window period, on the other hand, is the time after exposure during which tests may not yet detect the infection. For accurate testing, it is generally recommended to wait at least one week after potential exposure to get tested for gonorrhea and chlamydia. If you test negative but still have concerns, retesting after a few weeks may be prudent.

3. Transmission through Oral Contact: Gonorrhea and chlamydia can indeed be transmitted through oral sex. If an infected person performs oral sex on you, there is a risk of transmitting the infection to your throat, which can lead to pharyngeal gonorrhea or chlamydia. Symptoms of throat infections may include a sore throat, but many individuals may remain asymptomatic. If you have engaged in oral sex with a partner whose STI status is unknown, it is advisable to discuss this with a healthcare provider.

4. Choosing the Right Specialist: When it comes to STIs, both urologists and infectious disease specialists can provide care. Urologists typically focus on male reproductive health and urinary tract issues, while infectious disease specialists have a broader focus on infections, including STIs. If you are experiencing symptoms related to the urinary tract or reproductive organs, a urologist may be the right choice. However, if you have concerns about STIs that may not be limited to urological symptoms, an infectious disease specialist can provide comprehensive care, including testing and treatment for a range of infections. Both specialists may perform physical examinations and review test results, so you can expect a thorough evaluation regardless of which specialist you choose.

In conclusion, if you have concerns about gonorrhea or chlamydia due to potential exposure, it is important to seek medical attention. Testing is crucial, even in the absence of symptoms, as both infections can lead to serious complications if untreated. Understanding the nuances of these infections, including their symptoms, transmission, and the appropriate specialists to consult, will empower you to take proactive steps in managing your sexual health. Always remember that open communication with healthcare providers is key to receiving the best care possible.

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