Elevated Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels: What You Need to Know

Elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels?

Hello Dr.
Chen,
My family member is a carrier of hepatitis B and has not been monitored for three years.
This month, the GOT and GPT levels are normal, but the AFP level is 360 ng/ml.
Is this situation concerning? Will the AFP level decrease? Thank you for your response, Dr.
Chen.

Ms. Hu, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/09/01

Dr. Chen Sirong reply Oncology

Ms.
Hu / 30 years old / Female
Hello~
1.
Is this situation not good?
A: This index raises suspicion for cancer.
An ultrasound is necessary for initial assessment, followed by further imaging studies such as a CT scan, angiography, or liver MRI as directed by the physician for confirmation.
2.
Will the AFP level decrease?
A: If the aforementioned tests show no issues, it is essential to rule out any conditions that could cause an elevation in AFP.
After that, monitoring the AFP level every three months is necessary until it decreases to within the normal range.
Wishing you good health,
Taoyuan Hospital
Chen Si-Rong

Reply Date: 2023/09/01

More Info

Elevated Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) levels can be a cause for concern, especially in the context of liver health and potential liver disease. In your case, with a family history of hepatitis B and an AFP level of 360 ng/ml, it is essential to understand the implications of this finding and the necessary steps to take.

Alpha-fetoprotein is a protein that is typically produced by the liver and yolk sac of a developing fetus. In adults, elevated levels of AFP can indicate several conditions, including liver diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is a type of liver cancer. In pregnant women, AFP levels are expected to be higher due to the developing fetus, but in non-pregnant adults, elevated levels warrant further investigation.

Given your family history of hepatitis B, it is crucial to monitor liver function closely. While your GOT and GPT levels are normal, which suggests that there is currently no significant liver inflammation or damage, the elevated AFP level indicates that further evaluation is necessary. It is not uncommon for AFP levels to fluctuate; they can rise due to liver inflammation or damage and may decrease if the underlying issue is addressed. However, this is not guaranteed, and continuous monitoring is essential.

To assess the situation more thoroughly, your healthcare provider may recommend additional tests, including:
1. Imaging Studies: Ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI of the liver can help visualize any abnormalities, such as tumors or lesions that may be contributing to the elevated AFP levels.

2. Liver Biopsy: In some cases, a liver biopsy may be necessary to determine the extent of liver damage or to confirm the presence of cancer.

3. Further Blood Tests: Additional tests to evaluate liver function and check for other markers of liver disease may be warranted. This could include tests for hepatitis B viral load, liver function tests, and other tumor markers.

4. Regular Monitoring: Regular follow-up appointments to monitor AFP levels and liver function tests will be crucial in managing your health and detecting any changes early.

It is also important to discuss lifestyle factors that can impact liver health. Maintaining a healthy diet, avoiding alcohol, and managing any other health conditions are essential steps in supporting liver function. If you are not already under the care of a hepatologist or a specialist in liver diseases, it may be beneficial to seek a referral for more specialized care.

In conclusion, while an AFP level of 360 ng/ml is concerning, it does not automatically indicate cancer or severe liver disease. However, it does necessitate further investigation and monitoring. It is essential to work closely with your healthcare provider to determine the best course of action and to ensure that any potential issues are addressed promptly. Regular follow-ups and a proactive approach to liver health can significantly impact outcomes and overall well-being.

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