Tennis-Related Injuries: Treatment and Prevention Strategies

Tennis-related injuries

Hello Dr.
Hsu: I currently play tennis about four days a week, for approximately three hours each day.
Is this excessive? I have been experiencing pain in my right knee, with soreness when going up and down stairs.
Sometimes, I also feel a cramping sensation similar to a twisting feeling in the joint.
These symptoms have been occurring for about six months and have recently worsened.
Is there a specific specialty for treating sports injuries, or are there hospitals that provide sports protection services, or is surgical intervention the only option? Thank you for taking the time to answer my questions.

Liu, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2004/01/27

Dr. Xu Xijing reply Orthopedics

Dear Liu,
The occurrence of sports injuries is not related to the duration or frequency of exercise.
Sports injuries are often associated with inadequate protective measures and improper techniques.
If you feel discomfort, it is advisable to temporarily stop exercising and seek medical attention from a relevant department at a regional hospital or higher.
National Taiwan University Hospital has a special outpatient clinic for sports injuries in the orthopedic department.
I hope you can visit NTU Hospital for consultation when you have the time.

Reply Date: 2004/01/27

More Info

Tennis-related injuries are a common concern for athletes, particularly those who engage in the sport frequently, as you do. Playing tennis four days a week for three hours each session can indeed put significant strain on your body, especially if proper techniques and preventive measures are not in place. Your symptoms of knee pain, particularly when going up and down stairs, along with the sensation of cramping or instability, suggest that you may be experiencing a form of overuse injury, which is common in tennis players.

Understanding Your Symptoms
The knee pain you are experiencing could be attributed to several factors, including patellar tendinitis (often referred to as "jumper's knee"), iliotibial band syndrome, or even meniscal injuries. The rotational sensation you describe could indicate instability in the knee joint, which might be due to ligament strain or weakness in the surrounding muscles. Given that these symptoms have persisted for about six months and have worsened, it is crucial to seek medical attention.

Treatment Options
1. Rest and Activity Modification: The first step in treating overuse injuries is to reduce the activity that is causing pain. This may mean taking a break from tennis or significantly reducing the intensity and duration of your sessions.
2. Physical Therapy: Consulting a physical therapist who specializes in sports injuries can be beneficial. They can provide a tailored rehabilitation program that focuses on strengthening the muscles around the knee, improving flexibility, and correcting any biomechanical issues that may contribute to your pain.

3. Pain Management: Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can help manage pain and reduce inflammation. However, these should be used as directed and not as a long-term solution.

4. Ice and Compression: Applying ice to the affected area can help reduce swelling and pain. Compression wraps can also provide support and limit swelling.

5. Bracing: In some cases, a knee brace may be recommended to provide additional support during activities.

6. Injections: If conservative treatments do not provide relief, corticosteroid injections may be considered to reduce inflammation in the joint.

7. Surgery: While surgery is typically a last resort, it may be necessary in cases of severe ligament damage or structural issues within the knee.

Prevention Strategies
1. Proper Warm-Up: Always ensure you warm up adequately before playing. This should include dynamic stretches and movements that mimic the actions you will perform during tennis.

2. Strength Training: Incorporate strength training exercises into your routine, focusing on the muscles of the legs, hips, and core. Stronger muscles can better support your joints and reduce the risk of injury.

3. Technique Improvement: Consider working with a tennis coach to refine your technique. Poor mechanics can lead to undue stress on your joints.

4. Cross-Training: Engage in other forms of exercise that are lower impact, such as swimming or cycling, to maintain fitness without overloading your knees.

5. Listen to Your Body: Pay attention to any signs of discomfort or pain. Early intervention can prevent more serious injuries.

Specialized Care
Regarding your question about specialized treatment for sports injuries, many hospitals and clinics have dedicated sports medicine departments. These facilities often employ physicians who specialize in treating athletic injuries, as well as physical therapists and trainers who understand the demands of sports like tennis. It is advisable to seek out a sports medicine specialist who can provide a comprehensive evaluation and treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.

In conclusion, while your current activity level may be contributing to your knee pain, there are numerous strategies for treatment and prevention. Taking proactive steps now can help ensure that you can continue to enjoy tennis without the burden of injury. Please consult with a healthcare professional to get a proper diagnosis and treatment plan tailored to your situation.

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