Effectiveness of Emergency Contraception: Symptoms and Risks

Q: Effectiveness of Emergency Contraception: Symptoms and Risks

Hello, the questioner： There is a possibility of pregnancy even if ejaculation does not occur during intercourse, as pre-ejaculatory fluid may contain sperm. <br>Additionally, the effectiveness of emergency contraception is not 100%, with a failure rate of about 3%, but it is sti

Is contraception effective?

Hello,
Your girlfriend's last menstrual cycle was from November 8 to November 14.
There were instances of unprotected intercourse on the nights of November 18 and 19, where there was brief penetration without a condom before using one.
Due to concerns about potential pregnancy, Ella (30 mg) was taken on the night of November 22.
After taking Ella, she experienced mild abdominal pain, dizziness, and fatigue from November 22 to the night of November 23.

Are these symptoms normal, and what is the effectiveness of the emergency contraception? Thank you.

Binggan, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/11/24

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the questioner: There is a possibility of pregnancy even if ejaculation does not occur during intercourse, as pre-ejaculatory fluid may contain sperm.
Additionally, the effectiveness of emergency contraception is not 100%, with a failure rate of about 3%, but it is still considered a remedial option.
In the early stages of pregnancy, there may not be specific symptoms, and subjective symptoms cannot be used to make a determination.
It is recommended to check for pregnancy if your period is more than a week late.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health.
Dr.
Zhang

Reply Date: 2023/11/24

More Info

Emergency contraception (EC) is a crucial option for preventing unintended pregnancies after unprotected sexual intercourse or contraceptive failure. In your case, you took Ella (ulipristal acetate), which is a type of emergency contraceptive pill that is effective when taken within 120 hours (5 days) after unprotected intercourse.
The symptoms you are experiencing—mild abdominal pain, dizziness, and fatigue—are relatively common side effects associated with the use of emergency contraceptive pills. These symptoms can occur as your body reacts to the hormonal changes induced by the medication. It's important to note that while these side effects can be uncomfortable, they are typically not severe and should resolve on their own within a few days.
Regarding the effectiveness of Ella, studies have shown that it is about 85% effective at preventing pregnancy when taken as directed. Its effectiveness is highest when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. Since you took the medication within the recommended time frame, you have maximized your chances of preventing pregnancy. However, it is essential to remember that no form of emergency contraception is 100% effective, and factors such as your menstrual cycle phase and timing of ovulation can influence the outcome.

In addition to the physical symptoms, it’s also important to consider the emotional and psychological aspects of using emergency contraception. Many individuals experience anxiety or stress after a potential contraceptive failure, which can exacerbate feelings of dizziness or fatigue. If these feelings persist or worsen, it may be beneficial to discuss them with a healthcare provider.

If your symptoms become severe or if you experience unusual symptoms such as heavy bleeding, severe abdominal pain, or persistent dizziness, it is crucial to seek medical attention. These could be signs of complications that require further evaluation.

In summary, the symptoms you are experiencing are generally normal after taking emergency contraception like Ella. The medication is effective in preventing pregnancy when taken within the appropriate time frame, and while it is not foolproof, you have taken the right steps to protect against unintended pregnancy. If you have any further concerns or if your symptoms do not improve, do not hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for personalized advice and support.

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