Am I at Risk of Pregnancy After Unprotected Intercourse?

Can I get pregnant?

Hello, doctor.
I have been taking the birth control pill for three months and have been taking it regularly.
My period usually lasts about five days (it starts on the third placebo pill).
Currently, I am on the fifth pill of the fourth pack, and on February 15, which was the fourth day of my period, I had unprotected intercourse with my boyfriend.
(I thought it was okay since my period was almost over, but after doing a lot of research, I realized how risky it was 😢).
I would like to ask if the chances of getting pregnant are high in this situation.
🥺 Thank you! 🙏

wuwu, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2024/02/18

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the oral contraceptive pill (COC) must be taken at the same time every day.
When taken correctly, it can achieve a 99% effectiveness in preventing pregnancy.
If a dose is missed and there is no expected withdrawal bleeding during the subsequent pill-free interval, pregnancy should be suspected.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health.
Dr.
Chang

Reply Date: 2024/02/18

More Info

When considering the risk of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, it's essential to understand several factors, including the timing of the menstrual cycle, the effectiveness of contraceptive methods, and individual health conditions.

In your case, you mentioned that you have been taking birth control pills consistently for three months, which is a crucial factor. Birth control pills are designed to prevent ovulation, and when taken correctly, they are over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy. However, the effectiveness can be compromised if pills are missed or taken inconsistently. Since you indicated that you have been taking them regularly, the likelihood of pregnancy is significantly reduced.

You also noted that the intercourse occurred on the fourth day of your menstrual period. Typically, the menstrual cycle is divided into phases: the menstrual phase, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase. Ovulation usually occurs around the midpoint of the cycle, approximately 14 days before the next period starts. Since your intercourse happened during your period, it is generally considered a lower-risk time for pregnancy, as ovulation is unlikely to occur during this phase.

However, it is important to note that sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to five days. If you have a shorter cycle, ovulation could occur soon after your period ends, which could theoretically lead to a risk of pregnancy if sperm are still present. Nevertheless, since you are on birth control pills, this risk is minimized.

You expressed concern about the potential for pregnancy after having unprotected intercourse. Given that you are on birth control and have been taking it consistently, the risk of pregnancy is low. However, if you experience any unusual symptoms or if your period is late, it would be prudent to take a pregnancy test for peace of mind.
Additionally, if you are ever unsure about your contraceptive method or have concerns about its effectiveness, consulting with a healthcare provider can provide clarity and reassurance. They can offer personalized advice based on your health history and any other factors that may influence your risk of pregnancy.

In summary, based on the information provided, the risk of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse while on birth control pills and during your menstrual period is low. However, if you have any doubts or experience changes in your menstrual cycle, taking a pregnancy test or consulting with a healthcare professional is recommended for further evaluation and peace of mind.

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