Abdominal Distension: Possible Causes Beyond Pregnancy

Abdominal distension resembling pregnancy has persisted for 2 years?

Hello Doctor, I would like to inquire about a female family member who is 42 years old.
She started experiencing abdominal swelling two years ago, initially thinking she was pregnant, as it appeared that way.
However, this has persisted for two years.
She is reluctant to seek medical attention and continues to believe she is pregnant.
Her weight has increased from 50 kg to over 75 kg, and she appears to be experiencing generalized edema, with a particularly enlarged abdomen.
She has mentioned to a psychologist that her menstrual periods have continued.
I would like to ask if uterine fibroids could cause such symptoms.
She has reportedly seen a gynecologist who mentioned uterine fibroids, but due to her poor mental state, we are unsure if she actually received medical care.
I would like to know what other conditions could cause abdominal swelling and generalized edema so that her family can assist her in seeking medical attention.
Thank you, Doctor.

Cheng, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2024/05/22

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, you may still need to go to the hospital for an examination to determine the cause of the abdominal swelling.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2024/05/22

More Info

Abdominal distension can be a complex issue, especially in women around the age of 42, as it can stem from various underlying causes. In the case of your family member, who has experienced persistent abdominal swelling for two years, it is essential to consider multiple potential factors, including but not limited to uterine fibroids, hormonal imbalances, and other gastrointestinal or systemic conditions.

Uterine Fibroids: Uterine fibroids, or leiomyomas, are benign tumors of the uterus that can cause significant abdominal distension. They are quite common in women of reproductive age and can lead to symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure symptoms. In some cases, large fibroids can cause the abdomen to appear distended, mimicking pregnancy. Given that your family member has been told by a healthcare provider that she may have fibroids, this could indeed be a contributing factor to her abdominal swelling.

Hormonal Changes: At 42, your family member is approaching perimenopause, a transitional phase that can lead to hormonal fluctuations. These changes can affect fluid retention and may contribute to a feeling of bloating or abdominal distension. Additionally, conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can also lead to similar symptoms due to hormonal imbalances.

Gastrointestinal Issues: Conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation, or even more serious issues like bowel obstruction or ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity) can lead to abdominal distension. Ascites can be caused by liver disease, heart failure, or malignancies, and it often presents with significant abdominal swelling and discomfort.

Weight Gain and Edema: The significant weight gain from 50 kg to over 75 kg, along with the appearance of generalized edema (swelling), raises concerns about systemic issues. Conditions such as heart failure, kidney disease, or liver dysfunction can lead to fluid retention and abdominal distension. It is crucial to evaluate her overall health, including cardiovascular and renal function, to rule out these serious conditions.

Psychological Factors: It is also important to consider the psychological aspect of her condition. If she is experiencing mental health challenges, such as depression or anxiety, this could affect her perception of her body and her willingness to seek medical help. Encouraging her to engage with healthcare providers, including mental health professionals, may be beneficial.

Given the complexity of her symptoms and the duration of her condition, it is highly advisable for her to seek medical evaluation. A thorough assessment by a healthcare provider, including imaging studies (such as an ultrasound or MRI) and laboratory tests, can help determine the underlying cause of her abdominal distension and guide appropriate treatment.

In summary, while uterine fibroids could be a contributing factor to her abdominal swelling, it is essential to consider a comprehensive range of potential causes, including hormonal changes, gastrointestinal issues, systemic conditions, and psychological factors. Encouraging her to seek medical attention is crucial for her health and well-being.

Similar Q&A

Understanding Abdominal Distension: Causes and Self-Management Tips

Hello Doctor: Since my time in the military, my lower abdomen has changed from flat to resembling that of a 2-3 month pregnancy. During this time, I have experienced a feeling of pressure, and my urine and stool output have decreased significantly. I saw an article in the newspap...

Dr. Chen Shidian reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Hello, please seek medical attention to confirm that there are no tumors. If it is just weight gain, you may consider medication to alleviate symptoms, and be mindful of your diet and exercise. Wishing you good health!

Understanding Abdominal Distension: Causes and Solutions

Hello, I would like to ask: Is a larger lower abdomen due to lack of exercise? However, my friend doesn't exercise but doesn't have a larger lower abdomen! Recently, it's been strange; my lower abdomen has become even larger (almost like being 2 to 3 months pregnan...

Dr. Yang Peizhen reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Hello! The organs located in the lower abdomen include the small intestine, large intestine, uterus, and ovaries. The most common reason for abdominal distension is still intestinal gas, followed by issues related to gynecological organs. Therefore, the simplest method is to take...

Post-Surgery Abdominal Distension: Causes and Concerns After Hysterectomy

Hello Doctor: I underwent a hysterectomy due to uterine fibroids in mid-November, but I have been experiencing the following issues since then: Before the surgery, my abdomen was flat (I am naturally slim with no belly), but since the operation, my abdomen has become enlarged, re...

Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
There are two possible conditions: 1. A hematoma in the abdominal wall, which is commonly caused by the rupture of blood vessels in the muscle layer, leading to the formation of a hematoma between the fascia and the muscle. Since it is isolated from the external environment, it u...

Understanding Abdominal Distension: Causes and Solutions for Your Husband's Discomfort

My husband has been experiencing abdominal discomfort and bloating for several months now. Despite multiple visits to the family doctor, there has been no improvement. I'm not sure if it's related to his irregular eating habits or something else. He is very thin, but hi...

Dr. Yuan Hongdao reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Hello: Abdominal distension may be due to ascites, tumors, obesity, intestinal gas, or fecal impaction, among other causes. It is recommended that your husband consult a gastroenterologist. X-rays and abdominal ultrasound can help determine the underlying issue. Sincerely, Dr. Yu...