Schizophrenia: Impact on Brain Function and Stress Factors - Psychiatry

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Schizophrenia leads to impaired brain function, and it raises the question of whether stress is a contributing factor?


I would like to ask the doctor two questions.
The first question is that I have been diagnosed with schizophrenia for over a year, and I feel that many functions of my brain have deteriorated.
Due to poor comprehension, I feel that my abilities in expression, understanding, thinking, logic, memory, reading, and so on have decreased.
I have severe distractions and poor attention (there may be other functions that have declined, but my comprehension is poor).
I have the same issues when writing, typing messages, and speaking.
Learning new things is particularly challenging; my new company requires me to write reports, and although I used to be able to write, now I have no idea how to do it.
Since my illness, my colleagues often say that my speech lacks focus, and my writing and typing are also unfocused and verbose.
I have been in treatment for two years, and I am unsure whether my brain function has declined due to schizophrenia or if it is a result of my delayed medical attention after being ill for over a year.
Will the decline in brain function improve, or can it only partially recover? (I estimate that I was ill for over a year because of my lack of insight; I started counting from the first time someone mentioned they didn’t understand what I was trying to express in a LINE message.)
The second question is whether schizophrenia can manifest without any stress or in a happy state.
However, I found online that the onset of schizophrenia may be related to stress.
My family has no history of schizophrenia, but just before my onset, I experienced an extremely stressful event that I had never encountered before.
I would like to know if the cause of my illness is likely related to this unprecedented stressful event.
I am 44 years old and have been a generally normal person.
Since my birth, I have faced both recurring and new stressors, but none caused me to become ill until June 2020.
In July 2020, I encountered a stressful event that I had never experienced before.
This stressor was a new regulation that created many unresolved or unmanageable problems.
Starting from July 1, 2020, I had to comply with this new regulation daily, but it was illogical and made previously legal and reasonable actions impossible.
However, failing to comply with the correct actions would lead to issues with integrity, income, agency rights, and work.
This situation created an unprecedented level of stress for me.
The new regulation, which was illogical, led to numerous harmful problems every day.
If I complied with the new regulation, the problems could not be resolved or improved.
These harmful issues would not disappear; they would only accumulate and double each day.
The increasing harmful problems expanded my stress daily, significantly impacting my integrity, income, and safety, and increasing life-threatening risks at work.
If I did not comply with the new regulation, I would face heavy fines and lose my agency rights, resulting in no job or income.
The new regulation started in July 2020, and due to the overwhelming stress, about two months later, on September 28, 2020, I received my first LINE message where someone said they did not understand what I was saying.
After that, it became common for people to say they did not understand my messages, that they lacked focus, were verbose, or were off-topic.
On August 28, 2020, I mentioned in a LINE message my fears and experiences of unexplained severe pain and trembling.
(The life-threatening aspect refers to the fact that the new regulation left me feeling overwhelmed.
If I did not arrive by a specified time, I would incur penalties.
Since I ride a motorcycle 20-30 times a day to meet these deadlines, I had to ride at the fastest speed of my life.
Because I often rode quickly, I had several near-miss accidents, but fortunately, I managed to stop in time.
I was genuinely frightened during those moments.
If someone else had collided with me, I might not have been able to react in time.
The new regulation affected me so significantly that it forced me to ride quickly.
I had previously ridden slowly and had never been in an accident, especially since my uncle died in a motorcycle accident.)

Xiao Yu, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2024/06/02

Dr. Yu Quanxun reply Psychiatry


Hello: Coexisting with schizophrenia is a very challenging journey, and it is truly commendable that you have persevered this far.
Regarding your first question: Schizophrenia indeed affects various brain functions, including the cognitive abilities and expressive skills you mentioned, and the extent of recovery depends on individual circumstances, including the state of medical care, physical constitution, and severity of the condition.
For your second question: Stress is one of the potential triggers for the onset of the illness, but there are also individuals who develop symptoms without any specific stressors.
Schizophrenia is the result of multiple influencing factors, and current medicine cannot accurately predict the conditions under which one will become ill.
It is recommended that you continue seeking medical care and adhere to your medication regimen; the more stable your condition becomes, the higher the likelihood of subsequent recovery.

Reply Date: 2024/06/02

More Info


Understanding schizophrenia and its impact on brain function is a complex topic that involves various factors, including the effects of stress and the nature of the disorder itself. Your concerns about cognitive decline and the relationship between stress and the onset of schizophrenia are valid and warrant a detailed exploration.

Firstly, schizophrenia can indeed affect various cognitive functions, including attention, memory, and executive functioning. These cognitive deficits can manifest as difficulties in understanding, expressing thoughts, and maintaining focus, as you've described. It is important to recognize that these changes may not solely be attributed to the disorder itself but can also be influenced by the duration of untreated symptoms. Research indicates that early intervention can lead to better outcomes, and delays in treatment may exacerbate cognitive decline. However, the extent of recovery varies among individuals. Some people may experience significant improvements in cognitive function with appropriate treatment, including medication and therapy, while others may find that certain deficits persist.

Regarding your question about whether cognitive functions can improve, the answer is generally optimistic. Many individuals with schizophrenia can regain some cognitive abilities through a combination of pharmacological treatment, cognitive rehabilitation, and psychosocial support. Medications, particularly antipsychotics, can help stabilize symptoms, which in turn may allow for better cognitive functioning. Cognitive remediation therapy, which focuses on improving cognitive skills through structured exercises, has also shown promise in enhancing cognitive performance in individuals with schizophrenia.

Now, addressing your second question about the relationship between stress and the onset of schizophrenia, it is well-documented that stress can be a significant factor in triggering or exacerbating symptoms of schizophrenia. While the exact mechanisms are not fully understood, it is believed that stress may interact with genetic predispositions and neurobiological factors to influence the onset of the disorder. In your case, the extreme stress you experienced prior to the onset of your symptoms could indeed be a contributing factor. Stressful life events, particularly those that are perceived as overwhelming or unmanageable, can lead to changes in brain chemistry and function, potentially precipitating the onset of psychotic symptoms.

It is also worth noting that schizophrenia can occur in individuals without a family history of the disorder, as it is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. The absence of a family history does not preclude the possibility of developing the disorder, especially in the context of significant stressors.

In conclusion, while schizophrenia can lead to cognitive impairments, many individuals can experience improvements with appropriate treatment and support. The relationship between stress and the onset of schizophrenia is significant, and managing stress through therapeutic interventions, lifestyle changes, and support systems can be beneficial. It is crucial to continue working closely with your healthcare provider to monitor your symptoms and adjust your treatment plan as needed. Engaging in therapeutic activities, maintaining a support network, and practicing stress-reduction techniques can also contribute to your overall well-being and cognitive health.

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