Schizophrenia: Cognitive Decline and Stress Impact - Psychiatry

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Schizophrenia leads to impaired brain function, and it raises the question of whether stress contributes to these issues?


I would like to ask the doctor two questions.
The first question is that I have been diagnosed with schizophrenia for over a year, and I feel that many functions of my brain have deteriorated.
Due to poor comprehension, I feel that my abilities in expression, understanding, thinking, logic, memory, reading, etc., have all declined.
I have severe distractions and poor attention (there may be other functions that have worsened, but my comprehension is lacking).
I experience the same issues when writing, typing messages, and speaking.
Learning new things has become somewhat difficult; my new company requires me to write reports, and although I used to be able to write, now I have no idea how to do it.
After my illness, my colleagues often say that my speech lacks focus, and my writing and typing are also unfocused and lengthy.
I have been in treatment for two years, and I am unsure whether my brain function has been affected by schizophrenia or if it is due to the fact that I sought medical help more than a year after the onset of symptoms.
Will the decline in brain function improve, or can it only partially recover? (I estimate that the onset was over a year ago because of my lack of insight; I started counting from the first time someone mentioned they did not understand what I was trying to express in a LINE message.)
The second question is whether schizophrenia can manifest in the absence of stress and during happy times.
However, I found online that the onset of schizophrenia may be related to stress.
My family has no history of schizophrenia, but just before the onset, I experienced an extremely stressful event that I had never encountered before.
I would like to know if the cause of my illness is more likely related to this unprecedented stressful event I experienced.
I am 44 years old and considered a normal person.
Since birth, I have faced both recurring and new stressors, but up until June 2020, I had not developed any symptoms.
However, in July 2020, I encountered a stressful event that I had never experienced before.
This stressor was a new regulation that created many unresolved or unmanageable issues.
Starting from July 1, 2020, I had to comply with this new regulation daily, but it was illogical, preventing me from doing things that were previously legal and reasonable.
If I did not comply with the previously correct actions, it would lead to issues with integrity, income, agency rights, and work.
This situation caused me unprecedented stress, as the new regulation led to numerous harmful problems daily.
Complying with the new regulation did not resolve or improve the issues, and the harmful problems continued to accumulate, doubling each day.
The increasing harmful problems expanded my stress daily, significantly impacting my integrity, income, and safety.
If I did not comply with the new regulation, I would face heavy fines and lose my agency rights, resulting in no work or income.
The new regulation started in July 2020, and due to the overwhelming stress, about two months after it began, on September 28, 2020, I received my first LINE message where someone said they did not understand what I was saying.
After that, it became common for people to say they did not understand my messages, that they lacked focus, were lengthy, or were off-topic.
On August 28, 2020, I mentioned in a LINE message my fear and the unexplained severe pain and trembling in my body.
(The life-threatening aspect refers to the fact that the new regulation left me feeling overwhelmed; if I did not arrive at the designated time, I would incur penalties.
I would ride my bike 20-30 times a day to meet deadlines, and due to feeling overwhelmed while trying to arrive on time, I began riding my bike at the fastest speed I have ever gone.
Because I often rode quickly, there were many instances where I almost collided with cars or pedestrians, but I managed to stop in time.
At that moment, I was genuinely frightened.
If someone else were to hit me, I might not be able to react in time.
However, the new regulation affected me so much that it forced me to ride fast.
I used to ride slowly and had never been in an accident, especially since my uncle died in a car accident.)

Xiao Yu, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2024/06/17

Dr. Yu Quanxun reply Psychiatry


Hello: Coexisting with schizophrenia is a very challenging journey, and it is truly commendable that you have persevered until now.
Regarding the first question: Schizophrenia does indeed affect various brain functions, including the cognitive abilities and expressive skills you have noticed, and the degree of recovery depends on individual circumstances, health status, and the severity of the condition.
For the second question: Stress is one of the potential triggers for the onset of the illness, but there are also individuals who develop symptoms without any specific stressors.
Schizophrenia is the result of multiple influencing factors, and current medical science cannot accurately predict under what conditions a person will become ill.
It is recommended that you continue to seek medical care and adhere to your medication regimen; the more stable your condition becomes, the higher the likelihood of subsequent recovery.

Reply Date: 2024/06/17

More Info


Understanding schizophrenia and its impact on cognitive function is a complex issue that intertwines various factors, including stress, treatment, and individual differences. Your experience highlights several critical aspects of this condition, and I appreciate your willingness to share your journey.


Cognitive Decline in Schizophrenia
First, regarding your concerns about cognitive decline, it is well-documented that schizophrenia can affect various cognitive functions, including attention, memory, and executive functioning. Cognitive deficits can manifest as difficulties in understanding, expressing thoughts, maintaining attention, and processing information. These symptoms can be particularly pronounced when the illness is not adequately managed or when there is a delay in seeking treatment, as you mentioned in your case.

The cognitive decline you are experiencing may be related to the underlying pathology of schizophrenia itself, which can lead to changes in brain structure and function. However, it is also possible that the delay in treatment contributed to the worsening of your cognitive abilities. Early intervention is crucial in managing schizophrenia effectively, as it can help mitigate some of the cognitive impairments associated with the disorder.


Recovery and Improvement
As for the potential for recovery, research indicates that while some cognitive deficits may improve with appropriate treatment, others may persist. The extent of recovery can vary significantly among individuals and is influenced by factors such as the duration of untreated illness, the effectiveness of treatment, and individual resilience. It is essential to maintain regular communication with your healthcare provider about your cognitive concerns, as they can help tailor your treatment plan to address these issues specifically.

Engaging in cognitive rehabilitation strategies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can also be beneficial. These approaches aim to improve cognitive functioning and help you develop coping strategies for managing symptoms. Additionally, lifestyle factors such as regular physical activity, a balanced diet, and adequate sleep can positively impact cognitive health.


The Role of Stress
Your second question about the relationship between stress and the onset of schizophrenia is equally important. Stress is recognized as a significant risk factor for the development of schizophrenia, particularly in individuals with a predisposition to the disorder. While it is possible for schizophrenia to manifest in the absence of identifiable stressors, acute stress events can trigger or exacerbate symptoms in susceptible individuals.

In your case, the stressful event you experienced prior to the onset of your symptoms may have played a critical role in the development of your condition. The new regulations you described, which created significant pressure and anxiety, could have acted as a catalyst for the emergence of your symptoms. It is essential to recognize that stress does not cause schizophrenia outright but can contribute to its onset in individuals who may already be vulnerable.


Conclusion
In summary, your experiences with cognitive decline and the impact of stress on your mental health are valid and significant. It is crucial to continue working closely with your healthcare provider to monitor your cognitive function and adjust your treatment plan as needed. Engaging in therapeutic interventions and adopting a healthy lifestyle can also support your cognitive recovery.

Remember, you are not alone in this journey, and there are resources available to help you navigate the challenges of schizophrenia. Seeking support from mental health professionals, support groups, and loved ones can provide additional strength and understanding as you work towards managing your condition.

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