Herpes Transmission: Risks, Symptoms, and Treatment - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Herpes is indeed primarily transmitted through sexual contact, but it can also be spread through oral contact, particularly in the case of oral herpes (caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1, HSV-1) and genital herpes (caused by herpes simplex virus type 2, HSV-2). The virus can be present in the skin or mucous membranes even when there are no visible sores, which is known as asymptomatic shedding. This means that it is possible for someone to transmit the virus to their partner even if they do not have any visible symptoms.

In your situation, it is plausible that you could have contracted the virus from your boyfriend, even if he does not show any signs of infection. This is particularly true if he has a history of oral herpes, as HSV-1 can be transmitted to the genital area through oral sex. It’s important to note that not everyone who is infected with herpes will exhibit symptoms, and many people may not even be aware that they are carriers of the virus.

Regarding treatment, antiviral medications such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir are commonly prescribed to help manage outbreaks and reduce the severity and duration of symptoms. When using topical treatments, you may start to notice improvement within a few days, but complete healing of the sores can take up to two weeks. You are considered healed when the sores have completely crusted over and there are no longer any open lesions.

Recurrences of herpes are common, as the virus remains dormant in the body and can reactivate due to various triggers, such as stress, illness, or hormonal changes. While some individuals may experience frequent outbreaks, others may have very few recurrences over time.
Using condoms during sexual activity can significantly reduce the risk of transmission, but it does not eliminate it entirely. This is because herpes can be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact in areas not covered by a condom. Therefore, while using condoms is a good practice, it is still possible to contract or transmit the virus.

In summary, herpes can be transmitted through both sexual and oral contact, and it is possible to contract the virus from a partner who does not exhibit symptoms. Treatment with antiviral medications can help manage outbreaks, and while recurrences are common, the frequency can vary from person to person. Using condoms can reduce the risk of transmission, but it is not foolproof. If you have concerns about your symptoms or transmission risks, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and treatment options.