Trigger Finger: Causes, Treatment, and Rehabilitation Tips

Trigger point

Your friend's fingers make a cracking sound, which is often referred to as "crepitus." When he visited a traditional Chinese medicine doctor, he was told it is due to "trigger finger." Trigger finger occurs when the tendons in the fingers become inflamed or irritated, causing them to catch or lock when bending or straightening the finger.

This condition can happen due to repetitive use, inflammation, or underlying health issues such as diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis.
The duration of recovery can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the treatment approach.

Rehabilitation may include rest, splinting, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy exercises to improve flexibility and strength in the affected finger.
In some cases, corticosteroid injections or surgery may be necessary if conservative treatments do not provide relief.
It is advisable for your friend to consult with a healthcare professional for a personalized treatment plan.

A Zheng, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2001/01/30

Dr. Pan Yingda reply Rehabilitation

*Not sure where this popping sound is coming from? If it's from the joints, it's commonly the sound of tendons or cartilage rubbing against each other, rather than trigger finger.
If it is trigger finger, it typically gets stuck when bending or straightening the finger, requiring manual assistance to release it, and may sometimes be slightly painful; this can be considered a form of chronic tendonitis.
The tendon may get stuck in the sheath, which might be easier to understand.
What to do? Temporarily reduce hand activity (take more rest), and moderate massage and stretching can be helpful.
You may also consider physical therapy at a rehabilitation department.*

Reply Date: 2001/01/30

More Info

Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition that affects the tendons in the fingers, leading to a locking or catching sensation when trying to bend or straighten the affected finger. This condition can cause a clicking or popping sound, which is likely what your friend is experiencing. The term "trigger finger" comes from the way the finger can suddenly "trigger" or snap into a bent position, similar to pulling a trigger on a gun.

Causes of Trigger Finger
The exact cause of trigger finger is not always clear, but it is often associated with repetitive gripping actions or prolonged use of the fingers. Conditions that can contribute to the development of trigger finger include:
1. Repetitive Motion: Activities that involve repetitive gripping or grasping can irritate the tendons.

2. Inflammation: Inflammation of the tendon sheath can cause narrowing, making it difficult for the tendon to glide smoothly.

3. Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout, can increase the risk of developing trigger finger.

4. Age: The condition is more common in adults, particularly those over the age of 40.

Symptoms
The primary symptoms of trigger finger include:
- A popping or clicking sound when moving the finger.

- Stiffness in the finger, especially in the morning.

- A sensation of locking or catching when trying to straighten the finger.

- Pain or tenderness at the base of the finger.

Treatment Options
Treatment for trigger finger can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Here are some common approaches:
1. Rest: Avoiding activities that exacerbate the symptoms can help reduce inflammation.

2. Splinting: Wearing a splint to keep the finger in a straight position can help alleviate symptoms, especially at night.

3. Ice Therapy: Applying ice to the affected area can help reduce swelling and pain.

4. Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help relieve pain and inflammation.

5. Corticosteroid Injections: In some cases, a doctor may recommend corticosteroid injections into the tendon sheath to reduce inflammation.

6. Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation exercises can help improve flexibility and strength in the affected finger. A physical therapist can guide your friend through specific exercises designed to stretch and strengthen the tendons.

Rehabilitation Tips
For effective rehabilitation, your friend can consider the following tips:
- Gentle Stretching: Gradually stretching the finger can help improve mobility. Simple exercises, such as bending and straightening the finger, can be beneficial.

- Strengthening Exercises: Once the pain subsides, strengthening exercises using putty or resistance bands can help restore function.

- Heat Therapy: Applying heat before exercises can help relax the muscles and tendons, making stretching easier.

- Gradual Return to Activities: Once symptoms improve, your friend should gradually return to activities that involve finger use, ensuring to take breaks and avoid overexertion.

Prognosis
The prognosis for trigger finger is generally good, especially with appropriate treatment. Many individuals experience significant improvement with conservative measures, and surgery is rarely needed. However, the duration of recovery can vary. Some people may notice improvement within weeks, while others may take several months to fully recover.

In conclusion, trigger finger is a manageable condition, and with the right treatment and rehabilitation strategies, your friend can expect to regain normal function in their finger. If symptoms persist or worsen, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment options.

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