How to Properly Use Crutches: A Guide for Patients - Orthopedics

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Using crutches properly is essential for ensuring mobility and preventing further injury while recovering from an injury or surgery. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to use crutches effectively.


1. Choosing the Right Crutches
Before you start using crutches, it's important to ensure that they are the right size for you. Crutches should be adjusted so that when you stand upright, the top of the crutch is about 1-2 inches below your armpits. The handgrips should be at wrist level when your arms are relaxed at your sides. This will help you maintain a comfortable posture while using them.


2. Getting Started
- Positioning: Stand up straight and hold the crutches with your hands. Place the crutches under your arms, ensuring they are positioned slightly forward.

- Weight Distribution: Lean on the handgrips, not on your armpits. This will help prevent nerve damage and discomfort in your underarms.


3. Walking with Crutches
- Basic Movement: Move the crutches forward about 1 foot, then shift your weight onto the crutches. Bring your injured leg forward, placing it between the crutches. If you are using crutches for a leg injury, you will typically keep the injured leg off the ground.

- Alternating Steps: If you are using crutches for a non-weight-bearing injury, you will move the crutches and then the uninjured leg forward. If you are allowed to put some weight on the injured leg, you can alternate between the crutches and the injured leg.

- Going Up and Down Stairs: When going up stairs, lead with your uninjured leg, placing it on the step first, followed by the crutches and the injured leg. When going down, place the crutches on the step first, followed by the injured leg, and then bring up your uninjured leg.


4. Sitting and Standing
- Sitting Down: Back up to the chair until you feel it against the back of your legs. Hold both crutches in one hand, and use the other hand to reach for the armrest or seat. Lower yourself down slowly.

- Standing Up: Place both crutches under one arm, using your other hand to push off the chair. Stand up slowly, ensuring you have your balance before moving.


5. Safety Tips
- Avoid Slippery Surfaces: Be cautious on wet or uneven surfaces. If possible, use a non-slip mat or wear shoes with good traction.

- Watch for Obstacles: Be aware of your surroundings to avoid tripping over objects or bumping into furniture.

- Take Breaks: If you start to feel fatigued, take a break. Using crutches can be tiring, especially if you are not used to it.


6. Maintaining Crutches
- Check for Damage: Regularly inspect your crutches for any signs of wear or damage. Ensure that the rubber tips are intact and provide good traction.

- Adjust as Needed: As you recover, you may need to adjust the height of your crutches. Make sure they are always set to the correct height for your comfort and safety.


Conclusion
Using crutches can be a challenging experience, but with the right techniques and precautions, you can navigate your recovery more effectively. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding weight-bearing and mobility. If you experience any pain or discomfort while using crutches, consult your doctor or physical therapist for further guidance. Remember, practice makes perfect, and with time, you will become more comfortable and confident in using crutches.