Effects of PRIMPERAN on Fetal Development During Early Pregnancy - Pharmacology

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Is there any impact on the fetus from taking PRIMPERAN during early pregnancy?


Hello Doctor: I am currently seven weeks pregnant and experiencing symptoms of morning sickness, including headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, and nausea.
Yesterday, I visited an obstetrician, and the doctor prescribed me PRIMPERAN (metoclopramide) to prevent vomiting.
However, I checked the National Drug Database online, and it states that this medication is contraindicated for pregnant women.
I have already taken one dose.
Could you please advise me on whether this medication will affect my fetus? Thank you! A worried pregnant woman.

GOYA, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2004/10/12

Dr. Wu Huiling reply Pharmacology


An anxious pregnant woman: Hello! According to Micromedex 2004, Primperan is classified as a Category B medication by the FDA for use during pregnancy in the United States.
This means that human studies have shown no risk, and it has been proven effective in treating vomiting in pregnant women.
Additionally, its use during the first trimester of pregnancy has not shown any adverse effects on the fetus or the mother.
However, if you are highly sensitive to this medication, its use is still not recommended.

Reply Date: 2004/10/12

More Info


PRIMPERAN, known generically as metoclopramide, is a medication commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting, including symptoms associated with pregnancy. As a pregnant woman in your seventh week of pregnancy, it is understandable to be concerned about the effects of any medication on your developing fetus.
According to the FDA's pregnancy category classification, metoclopramide is classified as a Category B drug. This means that animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus, and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. In simpler terms, while there is limited data on the effects of metoclopramide in human pregnancies, the available evidence does not suggest a significant risk to fetal development when used as directed.

Research indicates that metoclopramide can be effective in managing nausea and vomiting in pregnant women, particularly in cases of hyperemesis gravidarum, a severe form of morning sickness. The use of this medication during the first trimester has not been associated with major teratogenic effects (birth defects) or adverse outcomes in the majority of cases. However, it is essential to note that every pregnancy is unique, and individual responses to medications can vary.

If you have already taken a dose of PRIMPERAN, it is unlikely to have caused harm to your fetus, especially considering its classification and the existing research. However, it is crucial to communicate openly with your healthcare provider about any concerns you may have. They can provide personalized advice based on your medical history and current health status.

In addition to medication, there are various non-pharmacological approaches to managing nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. These include dietary changes, such as eating small, frequent meals, avoiding triggers, and staying hydrated. Ginger tea or ginger candies, acupressure, and certain relaxation techniques may also help alleviate symptoms.

In summary, while PRIMPERAN is classified as a Category B medication and is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy, it is always best to consult with your healthcare provider before taking any medication. They can help weigh the benefits against any potential risks and provide guidance tailored to your specific situation. Remember, your health and the health of your baby are of utmost importance, and your healthcare provider is there to support you through this journey.

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