Joint Swelling: Causes and Treatment Options for Finger Joints

Q: Joint Swelling: Causes and Treatment Options for Finger Joints

Hello： It is recommended that you visit our orthopedic outpatient clinic for further examination so that we can provide appropriate diagnosis and treatment based on your actual condition. <br>Thank you!

Joint swelling

In recent years, I have experienced swelling and protrusion in several joints of my fingers.
The swollen areas sometimes feel hard and other times soft.
The joint closest to the nail has become deformed and bent, which has been particularly noticeable since last year.
My left middle finger, at the junction of the nail root and the joint, often swells and hurts.
When pressed, a clear, gelatinous fluid oozes from the grooves and seams on the back of the finger.
The sides of the nail have also become indented and uneven, and the wounds are prone to infection.
This condition has persisted for almost a year without any resolution.
What could be the cause of this, and how should it be treated? Please help me.

gene, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2005/10/21

Dr. Shi Qiming reply Orthopedics

Hello: It is recommended that you visit our orthopedic outpatient clinic for further examination so that we can provide appropriate diagnosis and treatment based on your actual condition.
Thank you!

Reply Date: 2005/10/21

More Info

Joint swelling in the fingers can be a concerning symptom, especially when accompanied by deformities, pain, and the discharge of a clear, gel-like fluid. Based on your description, it sounds like you may be experiencing a condition that could involve several potential underlying causes, including inflammatory arthritis, infection, or even a form of tenosynovitis.

Possible Causes of Joint Swelling
1. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): This autoimmune condition often leads to swelling, pain, and deformities in the joints. It typically affects multiple joints symmetrically and can cause the kind of deformities you describe, particularly in the fingers.

2. Osteoarthritis (OA): While OA is more common in older adults, it can also occur in younger individuals, especially if there is a history of joint injuries. OA can lead to swelling and changes in the shape of the joints.

3. Infection: If there is a clear discharge from the joint area, it could indicate an infection, such as septic arthritis. This condition requires immediate medical attention as it can lead to joint damage if not treated promptly.

4. Tenosynovitis: This condition involves inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon, which can lead to swelling and pain in the fingers. It is often seen in repetitive strain injuries or conditions like trigger finger.

5. Gout or Pseudogout: These conditions are caused by the accumulation of crystals in the joints, leading to sudden and severe swelling and pain.

Treatment Options
1. Medical Evaluation: The first step is to consult a healthcare professional, preferably a rheumatologist or an orthopedic specialist. They may perform a physical examination, take a detailed medical history, and order imaging studies (like X-rays or MRIs) and laboratory tests (like blood tests or joint fluid analysis) to determine the exact cause of your symptoms.

2. Medications: Depending on the diagnosis, treatment may include:
- Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): These can help reduce pain and inflammation.

- Corticosteroids: These may be prescribed to manage severe inflammation.

- Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs): If RA is diagnosed, DMARDs may be necessary to slow disease progression.

- Antibiotics: If an infection is confirmed, antibiotics will be essential.

3. Physical Therapy: Engaging in physical therapy can help improve joint function and reduce stiffness. A physical therapist can provide exercises tailored to your condition.

4. Surgery: In cases where conservative treatments fail, surgical options may be considered, especially if there is significant joint damage or deformity.

5. Lifestyle Modifications: Maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in low-impact exercises, and avoiding activities that exacerbate your symptoms can be beneficial.

6. Infection Prevention: Given your mention of frequent infections, it’s crucial to keep the affected areas clean and monitor for any signs of worsening infection, such as increased redness, warmth, or fever.

Conclusion
The symptoms you describe warrant a thorough evaluation to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment. Early intervention is crucial in preventing further joint damage and improving your quality of life. Please seek medical attention as soon as possible to address these concerns effectively.

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