Can Hepatitis B Antibodies Indicate Infectiousness? Key Insights

Is there still a risk of transmission after the production of antibodies against hepatitis B?

Thank you, Dr.
Hsu, for your professional response.
However, I still have some doubts.
About a year and a half ago, I had my liver function tested, and at that time, my liver function was normal.
I am unsure if this is related to the hepatitis B test.
If I haven't had regular follow-ups for about a year and a half, does that mean I am considered a long-term patient? Additionally, the doctor who examined me mentioned that there is no hepatitis B in my body because he initially checked for the presence of hepatitis B.
I would like to ask if the presence of hepatitis B antibodies in my body indicates that I have hepatitis B.
Also, if I have hepatitis B antibodies, am I still contagious? What precautions should I take when interacting with my family? Lastly, how often should I have regular follow-ups? Thank you for your response, Dr.
Hsu.

Xiao Dai, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2006/04/03

Dr. Xu Jinchuan reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Hello! If the information is correct, your previous letter mentioned that both your hepatitis B surface antigen and surface antibody are positive.
This means that you cannot be ruled out as a hepatitis B carrier, indicating that you may still be a hepatitis B carrier.
Normal liver function does not exclude the possibility of being a hepatitis B carrier, as the definitions of the tests are different.
The current issue is to confirm whether your hepatitis B has resolved.
Ideally, your surface antigen should be undetectable.
The presence of hepatitis B surface antibodies indicates that you are not infectious to others.

Reply Date: 2006/04/03

More Info

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver and can lead to chronic disease, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Understanding the implications of hepatitis B antibody tests is crucial for managing your health and preventing transmission to others.

From your previous test results, it appears that you have tested positive for anti-HBc (antibody to hepatitis B core antigen) but negative for HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen). This combination typically indicates that you have either cleared a past hepatitis B infection or have been vaccinated against hepatitis B. The presence of anti-HBc suggests that you were exposed to the virus at some point, but since HBsAg is negative, it means that there is no active infection currently.

To clarify your concerns regarding the infectiousness of hepatitis B antibodies: if you have developed antibodies (specifically anti-HBs, which is the surface antibody), you are generally considered immune to hepatitis B and cannot transmit the virus. However, the presence of anti-HBc alone does not indicate immunity; it merely shows past exposure. Therefore, if you only have anti-HBc and not anti-HBs, there is a possibility of being a carrier or having had a resolved infection, but you would not be infectious if HBsAg is negative.

Regarding your question about the need for regular follow-ups: if you have cleared the infection and have developed protective antibodies, routine monitoring may not be necessary. However, it is advisable to have periodic check-ups, especially if you have a history of liver disease or other risk factors. Typically, follow-up every 6 to 12 months is recommended, but this can vary based on individual health circumstances.

In terms of family interactions, if you are confirmed to have cleared the virus and have protective antibodies, you do not pose a risk of transmission to your family members. However, if there is any uncertainty about your status, it is wise to practice standard precautions, such as avoiding sharing personal items that may come into contact with blood (like razors) and ensuring that any sexual partners are aware of your hepatitis B status.

In summary, your current test results suggest that you do not have an active hepatitis B infection, and if you have developed anti-HBs, you are immune. It is essential to maintain regular health check-ups to monitor your liver health and ensure that you remain free of the virus. If you have further questions or concerns, discussing them with your healthcare provider will provide you with personalized guidance based on your medical history and current health status.

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