Floaters and Flashes: Risks and Treatment Options for Eye Health

Q: Floaters and Flashes: Risks and Treatment Options for Eye Health

Hello Sir： Myopia, especially high myopia, aging, or external trauma to the eyeball, can lead to the gradual degeneration and liquefaction of a transparent, gel-like structure in the eye known as the "vitreous body." This process can create opaque impurities (protein aggregates)

Floaters?

I have poor eyesight (my right eye is -1.50 diopters for myopia, while my left eye has amblyopia with over -6.00 diopters).
Four years ago, I started experiencing worsening floaters, and dilation tests showed no abnormalities.
However, in the past six months, the frequency of flashes has significantly increased.
I would like to ask the doctor if the flashes could increase the risk of retinal tears, or if the long-term vitreous degeneration could lead to a higher chance of retinal changes (such as lattice degeneration).
Although my question is quite general, I would like to know about the prognosis.
Are there any "potentially effective" treatments for vitreous degeneration? It seems that there are currently no sufficiently effective conventional medical treatments for vitreous degeneration.
Thank you very much, doctor!

Mr. Li~, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2007/05/03

Dr. Liu Jingxian reply Ophthalmology

Hello Sir: Myopia, especially high myopia, aging, or external trauma to the eyeball, can lead to the gradual degeneration and liquefaction of a transparent, gel-like structure in the eye known as the "vitreous body." This process can create opaque impurities (protein aggregates) that float within the eye.
When viewing a brighter or whiter background, you may sometimes see small dots or strands moving across your field of vision, which is referred to as "floaters."
The occurrence of "flashes" is due to the adhesion between the vitreous body and the retina.
As the vitreous body gradually degenerates and liquefies, it may begin to separate from the retina, causing traction that leads to these flashes.
Generally, this is harmless, and once the vitreous body completely separates from the retina, flashes typically cease.
However, if there is excessive adhesion between the vitreous body and the retina, the separation process may cause undue traction, potentially resulting in retinal tears.

Therefore, if you experience any of the following symptoms (visual field loss, spots of light, halos, flashes, or an increase in the frequency and number of light phenomena), it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly, as these may be signs of retinal pathology.
Regular dilated retinal examinations to ensure there are no retinal tears are very important.
As long as you have regular follow-ups, you can feel more at ease.

In summary, it is essential to take care of your eyes by avoiding excessive strain and fatigue, which is the best way to protect your vision.
Wishing you good health.

Taiwan e-Learning Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxing Branch, Dr.
Liu Jingzhu.

Reply Date: 2007/05/03

More Info

Understanding floaters and flashes is crucial for maintaining eye health, especially for individuals with pre-existing conditions such as myopia and amblyopia. Floaters, often described as small specks or threads that drift through your field of vision, are typically caused by changes in the vitreous humor, the gel-like substance that fills the eye. As we age, the vitreous can become more liquid and may pull away from the retina, leading to the perception of floaters. Flashes, on the other hand, occur when the vitreous pulls on the retina, stimulating it and causing a sensation of light, which can be alarming.

In your case, with a history of myopia (150 in the right eye and 600 in the left) and worsening floaters over the past four years, it is essential to monitor your symptoms closely. The increase in flashes you have experienced, particularly in the context of vitreous degeneration, raises some concerns. While flashes are often benign, they can indicate that the vitreous is pulling away from the retina, which can lead to retinal tears or detachments, especially in individuals with high myopia. High myopia is associated with a higher risk of retinal complications due to the elongation of the eyeball and structural changes in the retina.

Regarding your question about the potential for retinal tears or lattice degeneration due to flashes, it is indeed possible. The risk of retinal tears increases with the frequency and intensity of flashes, particularly if you notice a significant change in your visual symptoms, such as an increase in the number of floaters, sudden vision loss, or a shadow in your peripheral vision. Regular eye examinations, including dilated fundus examinations, are crucial for early detection of any retinal issues. If you notice any sudden changes in your vision, it is imperative to seek immediate medical attention.

As for treatment options for vitreous degeneration, it is important to note that currently, there are no established medical treatments that can reverse vitreous degeneration or significantly reduce floaters and flashes. Some patients have explored options like vitrectomy, a surgical procedure that removes the vitreous gel, but this is typically reserved for severe cases due to the associated risks, including retinal detachment and cataract formation.

In terms of managing your symptoms, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including proper hydration, a balanced diet rich in antioxidants, and regular eye check-ups, can help support overall eye health. Additionally, minimizing eye strain by taking regular breaks from screens and ensuring proper lighting while reading or working can alleviate some discomfort associated with visual fatigue.

In summary, while floaters and flashes can be concerning, they are often benign, particularly in the context of vitreous degeneration. However, due to your history of myopia and the recent increase in flashes, it is essential to remain vigilant and consult with your eye care professional regularly. They can provide personalized advice and monitor your eye health to prevent potential complications. If you experience any sudden changes in your vision, do not hesitate to seek immediate medical attention.

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