Nail Growth Issues in Adolescents: Causes and Solutions

Nail growth is abnormal?

Dear Dr.
Huang,
My daughter is already 13 years old, but her fingernails and toenails still resemble those of a young child, with very little surface area.
The main issue is that her nails have never grown long enough to require trimming with nail clippers.
They tend to break off on their own before reaching the length of the surrounding skin, and her toenails often grow into the skin of her big toe, causing inflammation in the nail groove.
What could be the reasons for her nails not growing properly and being weak?

Amanda, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2008/11/05

Dr. Huang Ruiyun reply Dermatology

I'm sorry, but it's not possible to diagnose diseases online.
If you're really concerned, please take your daughter to see a dermatologist in person.
Wishing you health and safety.

Reply Date: 2008/11/05

More Info

Nail growth issues in adolescents can be concerning for both the individual and their parents. In the case of your 13-year-old daughter, it appears that her nails are not growing as expected, and they are prone to breaking or becoming ingrown. This situation can be attributed to several factors, including genetics, nutritional deficiencies, hormonal changes, and underlying health conditions.

Causes of Nail Growth Issues
1. Genetics: Nail growth patterns can be hereditary. If there is a family history of weak or slow-growing nails, it is possible that your daughter may inherit similar traits. Genetic predisposition can influence the thickness, strength, and growth rate of nails.

2. Nutritional Deficiencies: Proper nutrition is crucial for healthy nail growth. Deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals, such as biotin, zinc, iron, and protein, can lead to weak and brittle nails. Adolescents often require increased nutritional intake due to growth spurts, and a lack of balanced meals can affect nail health.

3. Hormonal Changes: During adolescence, hormonal fluctuations occur as the body transitions through puberty. These changes can impact various bodily functions, including nail growth. Estrogen and testosterone, which increase during puberty, can influence the rate of nail growth and overall nail health.

4. Underlying Health Conditions: Certain medical conditions can affect nail growth. For example, thyroid disorders, psoriasis, and fungal infections can lead to changes in nail appearance and growth. If your daughter has any other symptoms, such as changes in skin or hair, it may be worth consulting a healthcare professional.

5. Environmental Factors: Exposure to harsh chemicals, frequent handwashing, or using nail polish removers can weaken nails. Additionally, trauma to the nails, such as biting or picking, can lead to breakage and inhibit growth.

Solutions and Recommendations
1. Nutritional Assessment: Ensure that your daughter is consuming a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals. Foods high in biotin (such as eggs, nuts, and whole grains), zinc (found in meat and legumes), and iron (found in leafy greens and red meat) can promote healthy nail growth. A consultation with a nutritionist may be beneficial to evaluate her dietary habits.

2. Hydration: Encourage your daughter to drink plenty of water. Proper hydration is essential for overall health, including nail health.

3. Gentle Nail Care: Advise her to avoid harsh chemicals and to use gentle nail care products. Regular moisturizing of the nails and cuticles can help maintain their strength. Using gloves while doing household chores can protect her nails from damage.

4. Avoiding Trauma: Encourage her to avoid biting her nails or picking at them, as this can lead to breakage and ingrown nails. If she experiences ingrown toenails, proper trimming techniques and possibly consulting a podiatrist may be necessary.

5. Consult a Healthcare Professional: If the issue persists or worsens, it would be wise to consult a dermatologist or a pediatrician. They can conduct a thorough examination, possibly run tests to rule out any underlying health issues, and provide tailored advice or treatment options.

6. Patience and Monitoring: Nail growth can be slow, and changes may take time. Regular monitoring of her nail health and growth can help track progress and identify any changes that may require professional attention.

In conclusion, while nail growth issues in adolescents can be concerning, understanding the potential causes and implementing appropriate solutions can help improve the situation. Encouraging a healthy lifestyle, proper nail care, and seeking professional advice when necessary are key steps in addressing these concerns.

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