White Spots on Children's Nails: Causes and When to Seek Help

White spots on children's nails?

Hello! My son is seven years old, and he has developed many white spots on his nails (all ten fingers).
Initially, I thought it was caused by external factors, but even after trimming his nails, the spots keep appearing.
I would like to know what the cause might be.
If a consultation is necessary, which department should I visit? Thank you!

Lin Mama, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2009/07/20

Dr. Pei Rensheng reply Pediatrics

Dear Mother Lin,
Hello.
The classification of leukonychia (white spots on nails) is as follows:
1.
Total Leukonychia: This condition is caused by a decrease in protein levels in the body (hypoalbuminemia; low albumin), which may be due to diseases such as nephrotic syndrome, liver failure, or protein malabsorption disorders.
Additionally, genetic factors and the use of sulfonamide medications can also lead to total leukonychia.
2.
Partial Leukonychia:
- Striate or Transverse Leukonychia: This type occurs due to factors such as cirrhosis, chemotherapy, or physical trauma.
Certain heavy metal poisonings (such as arsenic or lead) can also present similarly.
- Punctate Leukonychia: This is the most common form, typically caused by trauma, and usually resolves within two months.
If it persists beyond two months, it may be due to zinc deficiency.
If you have further questions, you may also consult a dermatologist.
Wishing you health and happiness!
Sincerely,
Dr.
Pei Ren-Sheng
Director of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Hospital, Department of Health

Reply Date: 2009/07/20

More Info

White spots on children's nails, known as leukonychia, can be a common occurrence and are often benign. In children, these spots can arise from various causes, including minor trauma, allergic reactions, or even nutritional deficiencies. Given that your son is seven years old and has developed multiple white spots on all ten fingers, it’s important to consider a few key factors.

Common Causes of White Spots on Nails
1. Trauma: One of the most frequent causes of white spots is trauma to the nail matrix, which is the tissue under the base of the nail. This trauma can occur from activities like banging the fingers or even from aggressive nail trimming. If the trauma is minor, it may not be immediately noticeable, but the effects can manifest as white spots as the nail grows out.

2. Allergic Reactions: Allergies to nail polish, nail hardeners, or other chemicals can also lead to white spots. If your son has recently started using any new products on his nails, this could be a contributing factor.

3. Nutritional Deficiencies: In some cases, white spots can indicate a deficiency in certain nutrients, particularly zinc or calcium. However, this is less common and usually accompanied by other symptoms of deficiency.

4. Fungal Infections: Although less common in children, fungal infections can cause changes in nail appearance, including discoloration. If the white spots are accompanied by other symptoms such as thickening of the nail or discomfort, this may warrant further investigation.

5. Systemic Conditions: In rare cases, white spots can be associated with systemic health issues, such as psoriasis or other dermatological conditions. However, these are typically accompanied by other symptoms.

When to Seek Medical Help
If the white spots persist despite the absence of trauma or if they are accompanied by other symptoms such as pain, swelling, or changes in the nail's texture, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional. A pediatric dermatologist would be the most appropriate specialist to evaluate your son's condition. They can conduct a thorough examination and may perform tests if necessary to rule out any underlying conditions.

What to Expect During the Consultation
During the visit, the doctor will likely ask about your son's medical history, any recent injuries, and whether he has been exposed to any new products or dietary changes. They may also examine the nails closely and possibly take a sample for further analysis if they suspect a fungal infection or other condition.

Conclusion
In summary, while white spots on nails are often harmless and can result from minor trauma or other benign causes, it’s essential to monitor the situation. If the spots continue to appear or if you have any concerns about your son's overall health, seeking the advice of a pediatric dermatologist is a prudent step. They can provide reassurance and guidance on any necessary treatments or lifestyle adjustments to ensure your son’s nails remain healthy.

Similar Q&A

Understanding White Spots on Children's Nails: Causes and Concerns

My 5-year-old child recently developed white spots on three of her fingernails. What could be the reason for this?

Dr. Lin Guoyin reply Pediatrics
White spots on children's nails are mostly a normal phenomenon; however, in some special cases, it is important to consider the possibility of underlying health conditions. If you still have concerns, please take your child for a follow-up consultation with a specialist.

Understanding White Spots on Nails: Calcium, Zinc Deficiency or Trauma?

The appearance of white spots on the nails is often attributed to a deficiency in calcium or zinc. However, I consume milk daily. Could it also be due to external trauma?

Dr. Wu Yuxin reply Dermatology
A literal description cannot confirm the presence of the lesion without actual visualization; it is recommended to have a physician evaluate it for accurate diagnosis.

Understanding White Spots and Dents on Nails: Causes and Remedies

Hello, the appearance of white spots and pitting on the nail of the middle finger can be caused by several factors, including trauma to the nail, fungal infections, or underlying health conditions such as psoriasis or eczema. Improving this condition may involve proper nail care,...

Dr. Qi Minghua reply Nutrition
Hello: To maintain healthy nails, it is important to pay attention to a high-protein diet. Additionally, you should increase your intake of egg yolks, nuts, seeds, and grains to boost your vitamin intake. As for the white spots and pitting you mentioned, it is necessary to consul...

Understanding White Nails After Pregnancy: Causes and Solutions

Hello, doctor. I became pregnant last year and gave birth about a year ago. Since then, three of my right-hand fingernails have gradually developed a whitening phenomenon, initially affecting only about one-fifth to one-sixth of the nail, but in the past six months, it has progre...

Dr. Wu Yuxin reply Dermatology
The Medical Act stipulates that "a physician shall not administer treatment or prescribe medication without personally examining the patient," and therefore, online diagnosis is also not permissible. If you are experiencing significant distress, it is advisable to seek ...