Effective Treatments for High Myopia in Children: A Doctor's Insight - Ophthalmology

More Info

---

High myopia, defined as a refractive error greater than -6.00 diopters, poses significant risks for children, including an increased likelihood of developing serious eye conditions such as retinal detachment, glaucoma, and myopic maculopathy. Given your child's history of amblyopia (lazy eye) and late correction, it is crucial to explore effective treatment options to manage and potentially slow the progression of high myopia.


Treatment Options for High Myopia in Children
1. Orthokeratology (Ortho-K):
This non-surgical treatment involves wearing specially designed gas-permeable contact lenses overnight. These lenses reshape the cornea temporarily, allowing for clear vision during the day without the need for glasses or contact lenses. Studies have shown that Ortho-K can effectively slow the progression of myopia in children by approximately 30-50%. However, the effectiveness can vary based on individual factors such as age and degree of myopia.

2. Atropine Eye Drops:
Low-dose atropine eye drops (typically 0.01% concentration) have been shown to be effective in slowing myopia progression in children. Research indicates that atropine can reduce the rate of myopia progression by about 50-60%. The exact mechanism is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of reducing the eye's elongation and altering the eye's response to light.

3. Multifocal Contact Lenses:
These lenses are designed with different zones for vision correction at various distances. They can help reduce the progression of myopia by creating a defocus signal that may slow down the elongation of the eyeball. Studies suggest that multifocal contact lenses can reduce myopia progression by about 30-40%.

4. Lifestyle Modifications:
Encouraging outdoor activities and reducing screen time can also play a role in managing myopia. Research has shown that increased time spent outdoors is associated with a lower risk of developing myopia and may slow its progression. Aim for at least 2-3 hours of outdoor time daily, as exposure to natural light is beneficial.

5. Surgical Options:
While surgical interventions like LASIK or PRK are available for adults, they are generally not recommended for children due to the ongoing changes in their eyes. However, refractive surgery may be considered once the myopia stabilizes, typically in the late teenage years or early adulthood.


Regarding Regressive Neurotherapy
Regressive neurotherapy, or any form of neurotherapy aimed at reversing myopia, lacks substantial scientific backing. While some alternative therapies claim to improve vision through exercises or visual training, there is limited evidence to support their effectiveness in treating high myopia. The consensus in the ophthalmic community is that such methods should not replace established treatments like those mentioned above.


Conclusion
In summary, managing high myopia in children requires a multifaceted approach. While regressive neurotherapy may not be an effective treatment, options like Ortho-K, atropine drops, multifocal lenses, and lifestyle changes can significantly impact myopia progression. It is essential to consult with a pediatric ophthalmologist or optometrist specializing in myopia management to tailor a treatment plan that best suits your child's needs. Regular follow-ups are crucial to monitor the condition and adjust treatment as necessary.