Is Repeating Words a Sign of Dementia in Seniors? What to Know

Repeating the same words?

Hello, my mother will turn 60 this November.
Recently, I have noticed that she often repeats things she said a few days ago, and she is unaware that she has already mentioned them.
I researched other symptoms of dementia (including Alzheimer's disease), and she does not exhibit any of them.
Her occasional forgetfulness seems to be similar to that of an average person.
I would like to know if this could be a precursor to dementia.
What type of specialist should I take her to for an evaluation? Thank you!

Ben Miao, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2011/07/10

Dr. Ouyang Wenzhen reply Geriatrics

Dear Cat,
Hello! Alzheimer's disease or dementia caused by other conditions can occur both before and after the age of 65.
Your mother is around 60 years old, and although she does not exhibit other symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, the fact that she often repeats things she said a few days ago without realizing it is one of the common early signs of dementia.
If this symptom occurs more than three days a week, it is likely to evolve into Alzheimer's disease or another form of dementia in the future.
In Taiwan, vascular dementia caused by small strokes, particularly without weakness in the limbs, is quite common.
Other types of dementia, such as those caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, or hypothyroidism, are also frequently seen in outpatient clinics.
I recommend taking your mother to a "dementia specialist" (including psychiatrists and neurologists) who has been trained and certified by a dementia association, or to a "geriatric psychiatrist" who has passed the geriatric psychiatry board examination.
In the southern region, you can visit the Chia Nan Rehabilitation Hospital or National Cheng Kung University Hospital; in the central region, you can go to the Caotun Rehabilitation Hospital and Chung Shan Medical University; in the northern region, you can visit the Psychiatry or Neurology departments at Taipei Veterans General Hospital; and in the eastern region, you can go to Yuli Veterans Hospital for the necessary blood tests, brain CT scans, and psychological assessments.
Wishing you all the best,
Dr.
Wen-Cheng Ouyang
July 11, morning, at Chia Nan Rehabilitation Hospital

Reply Date: 2011/07/10

More Info

Repeating words or phrases can indeed be a sign of cognitive decline, including dementia, particularly in seniors. However, it is essential to understand that not all instances of repetition indicate a serious underlying condition. In the context of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease and other forms of cognitive impairment, repetition can stem from various factors, including memory loss, confusion, or difficulty processing information.

In your mother's case, at nearly 60 years old, it is relatively early for typical dementia symptoms to manifest, but it is not impossible. Alzheimer's disease typically presents with memory issues, including forgetting recent conversations or events, which can lead to repetitive speech. Other common symptoms of dementia include:
1. Memory Loss: Difficulty remembering recent events or conversations.

2. Disorientation: Confusion about time, place, or people.

3. Language Problems: Difficulty finding the right words or following conversations.

4. Changes in Mood or Behavior: Increased anxiety, depression, or mood swings.

5. Difficulty with Daily Tasks: Challenges in completing familiar tasks at home or work.

While occasional forgetfulness is common and can happen to anyone, the key is whether these instances are affecting her daily life or causing distress. If your mother is repeating herself frequently and seems unaware of it, it may warrant further evaluation.

Regarding the next steps, it would be advisable to consult a healthcare professional, specifically a neurologist or a geriatrician, who specializes in age-related cognitive issues. They can conduct a thorough assessment, which may include:
- Cognitive Testing: Standardized tests to evaluate memory, attention, language, and problem-solving skills.

- Medical History Review: Understanding her overall health, medications, and any other symptoms she may be experiencing.

- Neuroimaging: In some cases, imaging studies like MRI or CT scans may be recommended to rule out other causes of cognitive decline, such as strokes or tumors.

- Blood Tests: To check for vitamin deficiencies, thyroid issues, or other metabolic conditions that could affect cognitive function.

It's also important to consider that stress, anxiety, or depression can contribute to cognitive changes. If your mother is experiencing any life changes or stressors, addressing these may also help improve her cognitive function.

In summary, while repeating words can be a sign of cognitive decline, it is not definitive on its own. Monitoring her overall cognitive health and seeking professional advice is the best course of action. Early intervention can be crucial in managing any potential cognitive issues effectively.

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