Irregular Periods: Can You Get Pregnant with PCOS?

If menstruation occurs every two months, ovulation can be estimated by counting approximately 14 days before the next expected period. For example, if the last menstrual period started on the first day of the month and the next one is expected in two months, ovulation would likely occur around the middle of the cycle, which would be approximately two weeks after the last

I would like to ask, I have a regular menstrual cycle that occurs every two months, or sometimes I have one cycle that takes three months within a year.
I have had an ultrasound that showed mild polycystic ovary syndrome.
About two to three weeks before my period, I experience significant breast tenderness.
Given this situation, is it still possible for me to become pregnant? My period is expected at the end of November, but two days ago, my boyfriend used a condom and did not remove it immediately, and I noticed some leakage.
I am already experiencing breast tenderness, which could indicate that my period is approaching.
Is this a sign that my period is coming, or is there a possibility of pregnancy? Should I take emergency contraception? Is it normal to have breast tenderness for two weeks before my period?

AC, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2011/11/22

Dr. Lü Lizheng reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello,
1.
You may not have regular ovulation, which lowers the chances of pregnancy.
However, occasional ovulation can still occur, and pregnancy is possible.

2.
Breast tenderness indicates elevated hormone levels, but it cannot be used to determine if menstruation is approaching.

3.
Emergency contraception pills must be taken as soon as possible, ideally within two days after unprotected intercourse, to be effective.

4.
Experiencing breast tenderness for two weeks prior to menstruation is not normal and suggests a hormonal imbalance.

Sincerely, Dr.
Lu Li-Cheng, Director of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taoyuan Hospital, Department of Health.

Reply Date: 2011/11/22

More Info

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age and can lead to irregular menstrual cycles, which can complicate the process of conception. Women with PCOS often experience infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods, and they may also have difficulty ovulating regularly. This can make it challenging to predict fertile windows and understand the likelihood of becoming pregnant.

In your case, you mentioned having irregular periods, with cycles occurring every two months or even extending to three months. This irregularity can indeed affect your ability to conceive, as ovulation may not occur consistently. The symptoms you describe, such as breast tenderness and swelling, are common premenstrual symptoms and can indicate that your period is approaching. However, these symptoms can also occur in early pregnancy, making it difficult to determine the cause without further testing.

Regarding your question about the possibility of becoming pregnant, it is important to note that even with irregular periods, pregnancy is still possible. If you had unprotected intercourse, there is a chance of conception, especially if ovulation occurred around the time of intercourse. However, predicting ovulation in women with PCOS can be challenging due to the irregularity of cycles.
If you are concerned about the possibility of pregnancy, taking a home pregnancy test after a missed period can provide clarity. If your period is late, a positive result would indicate pregnancy, while a negative result may suggest that your period is simply delayed due to PCOS.

As for the incident with the condom, if there was a concern about potential sperm leakage, and you are within the appropriate time frame (typically within 72 hours) for emergency contraception, you might consider taking a morning-after pill (Plan B). However, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider before taking any medication to understand the potential effects and ensure it is appropriate for your situation.

The breast tenderness you experience two weeks before your period is generally considered normal and is often attributed to hormonal fluctuations associated with the menstrual cycle. However, if this symptom is new, severe, or accompanied by other unusual symptoms, it may be worth discussing with a healthcare professional.

In summary, while irregular periods due to PCOS can complicate conception, pregnancy is still possible. Monitoring your cycle, understanding your body’s signals, and consulting with a healthcare provider can help you navigate these challenges. If you suspect pregnancy or have concerns about your menstrual cycle, seeking medical advice is always a prudent step.

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