Diarrhea and Fever in Infants: When to Seek Help

Diarrhea in children?

Hello Dr.
Hsiao, my child will turn one year old in a few days.
For the past five days, his body temperature has been elevated, close to 38 degrees Celsius, and sometimes reaching 38.5 degrees (I have been giving him antipyretics).
During this time, his activity level and appetite have been good, but for the last three days, he has been experiencing diarrhea (I have noticed some slight blood in his stool a few times).
His bottom is completely red from the diarrhea, and when I apply moisturizer, he cries out in pain.
Given that he has been having recurrent fevers and diarrhea, which specialist should I take him to for a detailed examination?

z ma, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2012/07/16

Dr. Xiao Kaiwen reply Pediatrics

When a child has a fever and diarrhea, it is advisable to consult a pediatric gastroenterologist or a pediatric infectious disease specialist.
However, fever and diarrhea are common issues in pediatrics, and a general pediatrician can usually handle these cases.
If there is noticeable mucus or blood in the stool, a stool test for bacterial gastroenteritis (such as Salmonella) is necessary, and it is recommended to go to a larger hospital for this examination.

Reply Date: 2012/07/16

More Info

When it comes to managing diarrhea and fever in infants, it is crucial to understand the potential implications of these symptoms, especially when they persist for several days. Your child's situation, with a fever reaching up to 38.5 degrees Celsius and diarrhea lasting for three days, raises some concerns that warrant careful consideration.

Firstly, it is important to note that fever in infants can be a sign of an underlying infection. In your case, the combination of fever and diarrhea could indicate a viral or bacterial infection, such as gastroenteritis, which is common in young children. The presence of blood in the stool is particularly concerning, as it may suggest a more serious condition, such as a bacterial infection or intestinal inflammation. This symptom, along with the persistent fever, necessitates prompt medical evaluation.

Given your child's symptoms, it is advisable to seek medical attention as soon as possible. You should consider taking your child to a pediatrician, who specializes in the health care of infants and children. A pediatrician will be able to conduct a thorough examination, assess your child's hydration status, and determine if further testing is needed. They may recommend laboratory tests, such as a stool culture or blood tests, to identify the cause of the diarrhea and fever.

In terms of immediate care at home, it is essential to monitor your child's hydration closely. Diarrhea can lead to dehydration, especially in infants. Signs of dehydration include decreased urine output, dry mouth, lethargy, and irritability. If you notice any of these signs, it is crucial to seek medical help immediately. You can help prevent dehydration by offering your child plenty of fluids, such as oral rehydration solutions specifically designed for infants, which can help replenish lost electrolytes.

Regarding the diaper rash caused by diarrhea, it is important to keep the area clean and dry. Frequent diaper changes and the application of barrier creams can help protect the skin and alleviate discomfort. If the rash persists or worsens, a pediatrician may recommend a specific treatment.

In summary, your child's ongoing fever and diarrhea, especially with the presence of blood in the stool, are symptoms that should not be ignored. It is best to consult a pediatrician for a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate management. Early intervention can help prevent complications and ensure your child's health and well-being. Remember, when it comes to the health of infants, it is always better to err on the side of caution and seek medical advice when in doubt.

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