Allergies in Children: Milk and Dairy Sensitivities Explained - Pediatrics

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Understanding allergies in children, particularly to milk and dairy products, is crucial for parents and caregivers. Allergies can manifest in various ways, and it is essential to recognize that not all allergic reactions are gastrointestinal or dermatological. In your case, your child has been experiencing respiratory symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and even wheezing, which can be indicative of an allergy to milk or dairy products.

Milk allergy is one of the most common food allergies in children, especially in infants and toddlers. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly identifies proteins in milk (such as casein and whey) as harmful, triggering an allergic reaction. While many people associate food allergies with gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea, constipation, or skin reactions like rashes and hives, respiratory symptoms can also be a significant manifestation of food allergies. In fact, some children may experience nasal congestion, sneezing, or asthma-like symptoms when exposed to allergens, including milk proteins.

The fact that your child has been consuming milk and dairy products without apparent issues in the past does not rule out the possibility of developing an allergy later on. Allergies can develop at any time, and the severity of reactions can change over time. In some cases, prolonged exposure to an allergen can lead to sensitization, where the immune system becomes increasingly reactive to the allergen, resulting in more severe symptoms upon subsequent exposures.

Given your child's current symptoms and the diagnosis of milk and sheep milk allergies, it is advisable to eliminate these products from their diet. This may involve not only avoiding milk and cheese but also being cautious with processed foods that may contain milk derivatives. It is also essential to read labels carefully, as milk can be present in many unexpected products.

In terms of nutrition, if your child is no longer consuming milk, you will need to ensure they receive adequate calcium and vitamin D from other sources. Alternatives such as fortified plant-based milks (like almond, soy, or oat milk) can provide these nutrients, but it is crucial to choose options that are fortified with calcium and vitamin D. Additionally, other sources of calcium include leafy green vegetables, tofu, nuts, seeds, and fortified cereals.

If your child is experiencing significant respiratory symptoms, it may also be beneficial to consult with an allergist or a pediatrician specializing in allergies. They may recommend allergy testing to confirm the specific allergens and provide guidance on managing the allergy effectively. In some cases, they may also suggest carrying an epinephrine auto-injector if there is a risk of severe allergic reactions.

In summary, while gastrointestinal symptoms are common in food allergies, respiratory symptoms can also indicate an allergy, particularly in children. It is essential to eliminate the allergenic foods from your child's diet and ensure they receive adequate nutrition from alternative sources. Regular follow-ups with healthcare professionals can help manage your child's allergies and monitor their overall health and development.