HIV Transmission Risks in Urological Contexts: A Comprehensive Guide

Q: HIV Transmission Risks in Urological Contexts: A Comprehensive Guide

TK： Hello, I think your question cannot be answered by anyone. <br>1. <br>If there has been an HIV screening, unless someone donates blood during the window period, such a situation is unlikely to occur in Taiwan. <br>If it does happen, it is almost certain that transmission will

Please inquire about the probability of infection?

I recently saw a news report stating that the number of HIV/AIDS patients in Taiwan increased by over 2,000 last year, which is quite alarming.
I understand that the likelihood of infection is a matter of probability, but I still have a question I would like to ask a physician.
Assuming the female partner is HIV-positive and the male partner is not, if they engage in the following activities while considering the assumption that "the male partner has open wounds in areas of contact with the female's bodily fluids," what would be the ranking of the likelihood of HIV transmission from the female to the male in the following scenarios?
1.
The female's blood is transfused to the male.
2.
The male uses a syringe previously used by the female.
3.
The male has unprotected anal intercourse with the female.
4.
The male has unprotected vaginal intercourse with the female.
5.
The male receives unprotected oral sex from the female (the female does not receive oral sex from the male).
6.
The male receives unprotected manual stimulation from the female (the female does not receive manual stimulation from the male).
7.
The male receives unprotected foot stimulation from the female.
8.
The male receives unprotected breast stimulation from the female.
9.
Both partners suck on each other's nipples.
10.
Both partners engage in prolonged deep kissing.
11.
Both partners share a bath (the bathwater is cool).
Thank you, Dr.
Hsu.
I apologize for seeming like I'm giving you a quiz; I truly appreciate your help.
^^ Please rank using Arabic numerals.

TK, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2013/01/20

Dr. Xu Weikai reply Urology

TK: Hello, I think your question cannot be answered by anyone.
1.
If there has been an HIV screening, unless someone donates blood during the window period, such a situation is unlikely to occur in Taiwan.
If it does happen, it is almost certain that transmission will occur.
2.
Approximately 2 out of 100.
3, 4: I don't know, about 1 in 100,000 to 1 in 100.
5: I don't know, about 1 in 1,000.
6: It should be quite low.
7, 8, 9: The chances are very low, but if there are wounds at the contact site, it is a different story.
10: Quite high.
11: It is unlikely.
Additional information: What bodily fluids can transmit HIV? 1.
Bodily fluids with high concentrations of HIV include blood, semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk, and other bodily fluids containing blood.
2.
Other bodily fluids that may contain HIV include cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), synovial fluid, and amniotic fluid.
3.
Trace amounts of HIV can be found in saliva and tears.
4.
HIV has not been found in sweat.
For reference, if there are any unclear points, feel free to ask again for further discussion and research.
Answers from the internet can only serve as a reference; if necessary, it is still important to seek medical care at a healthcare facility.
This response is provided by Dr.
Hsu Wei-Kai, Director of the Urology Department, Taitung Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan.

Reply Date: 2013/01/20

More Info

Understanding HIV transmission risks is crucial, especially in the context of various sexual and non-sexual interactions. The transmission of HIV primarily occurs through specific routes, and understanding these can help mitigate risks. Here’s a comprehensive guide based on the scenarios you provided, ranked from highest to lowest risk of transmission when the male partner has open wounds and the female partner is HIV-positive.

1. Blood transfusion from the female to the male: This is the highest risk scenario. HIV can be transmitted through blood, and transfusions of infected blood can lead to immediate infection.

2. Male using a syringe previously used by the female: Sharing needles is a significant risk factor for HIV transmission. If the syringe has residual blood from the infected individual, the male can be infected.

3. Unprotected anal intercourse: This is a high-risk activity for HIV transmission. The rectal mucosa is thin and can easily tear, providing a pathway for the virus to enter the bloodstream, especially if the male has open wounds.

4. Unprotected vaginal intercourse: Similar to anal sex, vaginal intercourse without protection poses a significant risk, particularly if there are any cuts or abrasions on the male partner.

5. Unprotected oral sex (female performing oral sex on male): While the risk is lower than penetrative sex, there is still a risk of transmission, especially if the female has cuts or sores in her mouth or if the male has open wounds.

6. Unprotected handjob (female performing handjob on male): The risk is lower than oral or penetrative sex, but if the female's hands have been in contact with infected fluids and then come into contact with the male's open wounds, transmission is possible.

7. Unprotected footjob (female performing footjob on male): This scenario carries a lower risk compared to handjobs, but if there are cuts or abrasions on the male's skin, there is still a potential risk.

8. Unprotected breast sex (female performing breast sex on male): The risk here is relatively low, but if there are any cuts or abrasions on the male's skin, there could be a risk of transmission.

9. Mutual sucking of each other's nipples: This scenario has a very low risk of transmission, but if there are any open wounds or sores, there is a slight chance of transmission.

10. Deep kissing: The risk of HIV transmission through kissing is extremely low, even with open wounds, as saliva does not transmit HIV effectively.

11. Sharing a bathtub: The risk of HIV transmission through water is negligible. HIV does not survive well outside the human body, and the dilution in water further reduces any potential risk.

In summary, the highest risks of HIV transmission occur through direct blood contact and penetrative sexual activities, particularly when there are open wounds involved. It is essential to practice safe sex and avoid sharing needles to minimize the risk of HIV transmission. If there are concerns about potential exposure to HIV, it is advisable to seek medical advice and consider getting tested. Regular testing and awareness of one’s own and partner’s HIV status are key components in preventing the spread of HIV.

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