Trigger Finger: Causes, Treatments, and Healing Options - Orthopedics

More Info

---

Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition that affects the tendons in the fingers, particularly the flexor tendons that allow for bending. It occurs when the sheath surrounding the tendon becomes inflamed, causing the tendon to catch or lock when you try to straighten your finger. This can lead to pain, stiffness, and a sensation of the finger getting stuck in a bent position, which is why it is referred to as "trigger" finger.


Causes of Trigger Finger
The primary cause of trigger finger is repetitive motion or overuse of the fingers, which can lead to inflammation of the tendon sheath. This is often seen in individuals whose jobs or hobbies require frequent gripping or grasping motions, such as musicians, factory workers, or those involved in manual labor. Other contributing factors can include:
1. Underlying Health Conditions: Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and hypothyroidism can increase the risk of developing trigger finger.

2. Age: Trigger finger is more common in adults, particularly those over the age of 40.

3. Gender: Women are more likely than men to develop trigger finger.

4. Previous Injuries: Trauma to the hand or fingers can also predispose individuals to this condition.


Symptoms
The symptoms of trigger finger can vary but typically include:
- A popping or clicking sensation when moving the finger.

- Pain or tenderness at the base of the finger or thumb.

- Stiffness, especially in the morning.

- The finger may become locked in a bent position and then suddenly release.


Treatment Options
Treatment for trigger finger can vary based on the severity of the condition. Here are some common approaches:
1. Rest and Activity Modification: Reducing activities that exacerbate the symptoms can help alleviate inflammation. This may include taking breaks from repetitive tasks or using ergonomic tools.

2. Splinting: A splint can help keep the affected finger in a straight position, allowing the tendon to rest and heal. This is particularly useful during sleep.

3. Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation exercises can improve flexibility and strength in the fingers. Techniques such as ultrasound therapy or heat therapy may also be beneficial.

4. Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation. In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be administered directly into the tendon sheath to reduce swelling.

5. Surgery: If conservative treatments fail, surgical intervention may be necessary. The procedure typically involves releasing the constricted tendon sheath, allowing the tendon to glide freely.


Healing and Recovery
The recovery process for trigger finger can vary depending on the treatment method used. Many individuals experience significant improvement with conservative treatments, while others may require surgery for complete resolution of symptoms.
Post-treatment rehabilitation is crucial for restoring full function. Engaging in gentle stretching and strengthening exercises can help prevent recurrence. It’s also important to address any underlying conditions that may contribute to the development of trigger finger.


Conclusion
In summary, trigger finger is a common condition that can significantly impact daily activities. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options is essential for effective management. If you suspect you have trigger finger, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and tailored treatment plan. Early intervention can lead to better outcomes and a quicker return to normal function.