Vaginal Atrophy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

What is vaginal atrophy?

Hello, doctor: I have a question.
During a follow-up examination for gallstones at the hospital, the physician found ascites during an abdominal ultrasound and referred me to a gynecologist.
I don't understand why a transvaginal ultrasound is necessary, and the doctor mentioned that my vagina is very dry and somewhat atrophic.
They prescribed a pack of birth control pills for me to take.
Is it necessary to take them? I have discomfort when taking birth control pills.
Could you explain what vaginal atrophy is? I haven't heard the doctor mention it in previous examinations.
Thank you.

Ya Ci, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2013/12/27

Dr. Lin Wenbin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

1.
Transvaginal ultrasound can clearly visualize the condition of both ovaries and adnexa in the presence of a small amount of ascites.

2.
If there is evidence of vaginal atrophy, hormone levels can be assessed; patients with hormone deficiency may require estrogen therapy (such as oral contraceptives) to alleviate dryness symptoms.

Reply Date: 2013/12/27

More Info

Vaginal atrophy, also known as vulvovaginal atrophy, is a condition that occurs when the vaginal walls become thinner, drier, and less elastic, often due to a decrease in estrogen levels. This condition is most commonly associated with menopause, but it can also occur in younger women due to various factors such as hormonal imbalances, certain medical treatments (like chemotherapy), or conditions that affect hormone production.

Causes of Vaginal Atrophy
1. Menopause: The most common cause of vaginal atrophy is menopause, which leads to a significant drop in estrogen levels. This hormonal change can result in a variety of symptoms, including vaginal dryness, irritation, and painful intercourse.

2. Breastfeeding: During breastfeeding, estrogen levels are lower, which can also contribute to vaginal dryness.

3. Certain Medications: Some medications, particularly those that affect hormone levels (like certain antidepressants or cancer treatments), can lead to vaginal atrophy.

4. Medical Conditions: Conditions such as autoimmune disorders or surgical removal of the ovaries can also result in decreased estrogen levels and subsequent vaginal atrophy.

Symptoms of Vaginal Atrophy
The symptoms of vaginal atrophy can vary from mild to severe and may include:
- Vaginal Dryness: A feeling of dryness or irritation in the vaginal area, which can be uncomfortable or painful.

- Painful Intercourse: Discomfort or pain during sexual activity due to lack of lubrication.

- Vaginal Discharge Changes: Changes in the amount or type of vaginal discharge.

- Urinary Symptoms: Increased urinary urgency, frequency, or discomfort during urination.

- Itching or Burning: Sensations of itching or burning in the vaginal area.

Treatment Options
1. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): This is often the most effective treatment for vaginal atrophy. HRT can include systemic estrogen therapy or localized estrogen therapy (such as vaginal creams, rings, or tablets) that directly targets the vaginal tissues.

2. Non-Hormonal Treatments: For those who cannot or prefer not to use hormones, non-hormonal vaginal moisturizers and lubricants can provide relief from dryness and discomfort.

3. Lifestyle Changes: Staying hydrated, maintaining a healthy diet, and avoiding irritants (like certain soaps or douches) can help manage symptoms.

4. Pelvic Floor Exercises: Kegel exercises can strengthen pelvic floor muscles and may improve symptoms related to vaginal atrophy.

Regarding Birth Control Pills
In your case, the physician prescribed birth control pills, which may have been intended to help regulate hormone levels and alleviate symptoms associated with vaginal atrophy. While birth control pills can help manage hormonal fluctuations, they are not the only option available. If you are experiencing discomfort from the pills, it is essential to communicate this with your healthcare provider. They may be able to suggest alternative treatments or adjust your regimen to better suit your needs.

Conclusion
Vaginal atrophy is a common condition, especially among women experiencing menopause or hormonal changes. Understanding the causes and symptoms can help you address the issue effectively. If you have concerns about the prescribed treatment or the implications of vaginal atrophy, it is crucial to have an open discussion with your healthcare provider. They can provide personalized advice and alternative treatment options that align with your health goals and comfort levels.

Similar Q&A

Effective Treatments for Severe Vaginal Atrophy in Healthy Seniors

My partner and I are both 66 years old, and we are in good health, without hypertension or other diseases. Two years ago, my partner began experiencing symptoms of vaginal atrophy, and we have been unable to engage in sexual intercourse since then. She has seen a doctor and under...

Dr. Lin Manying reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Hello Mr. Steve: If we exclude psychological factors causing difficulties in sexual intercourse, vaginal atrophy after menopause can be treated with PREMARIN VAGINAL CREAM (estrogen vaginal cream), which is a hormone replacement method absorbed directly through the vaginal mucosa...

Effective Treatments for Vaginal Adhesions and Restoration of Normal Function

I have severe urethritis and vaginal inflammation caused by estrogen deficiency and decreased immunity. The gynecology and infectious disease departments at Kinmen Hospital prescribed antibiotics and provided a vaginal antiviral ointment for me. However, three weeks later, my hus...

Dr. Lin Lixuan reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Postmenopausal urogenital syndrome can lead to atrophic vaginitis due to decreased estrogen levels, resulting in vaginal dryness that may cause inflammation and infection, as well as discomfort during sexual intercourse. It is recommended to seek evaluation at a nearby obstetrics...

Do You Need Treatment for Atrophic Cervical Inflammation After Pap Smear?

Recently, the community held a health screening for Pap smears, and the report indicated inflammation (atrophic). Currently, there is no sexual activity, and there are no discomforting symptoms. Does this require treatment?

Dr. Chen Zhiyu reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Common symptoms of atrophic vaginitis include vaginal symptoms such as dryness, burning sensation, itching, significantly reduced vaginal discharge, and bleeding or spotting. Urinary symptoms may include dysuria, frequency, discomfort in the urethra, or hematuria. It is recommend...

Managing Hormone Therapy: Balancing Treatments for Vaginal Atrophy

I have been using hormones for over a decade, which has improved my bone density, but my Pap smear results indicate atrophic vaginitis. I usually take Premarin, one tablet a day; another doctor prescribed Estriol gel and Progesterone. My question is: Is it too much to use both me...

Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
The local smear report indicates atrophic vaginitis. Treatment with hormonal suppositories may be more effective than oral medications. However, the smear is primarily a screening test for cervical pre-cancerous lesions, and atrophic vaginitis is not a significant concern. Taking...