Prostate Enlargement: Causes and Symptoms Explained

Feeling of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?

Hello doctor, I sometimes have a lump on the left side of my prostate, while the right side does not have this issue.
Occasionally, I also experience a cramping pain.
What could be the cause of this?

Huang, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/08/26

Dr. Li Yilun reply Urology

Hello, your age is not yet at the stage where prostate issues typically occur, and the prostate is located at the bladder outlet, which cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Therefore, it is difficult to understand your condition.
I recommend that if you experience any bodily abnormalities, you should consult a physician in person.
The doctor can conduct a detailed interview and physical examination based on your description, which is essential for accurate diagnosis.
It is important to note that a simple description cannot determine the condition; it requires a thorough medical history, physical examination, and possibly additional tests.
I still advise you to seek consultation and examination from a qualified urologist for any health concerns.

Reply Date: 2015/08/26

More Info

Prostate enlargement, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common condition that affects many men as they age. Understanding its causes and symptoms is crucial for effective management and treatment.

Causes of Prostate Enlargement
The exact cause of BPH is not entirely understood, but several factors are believed to contribute to its development:
1. Hormonal Changes: As men age, the balance of hormones in their bodies changes. Testosterone levels decrease, while estrogen levels may increase. This hormonal imbalance can lead to the growth of prostate tissue.

2. Age: BPH is primarily an age-related condition. It is rare in men under 40, but the prevalence increases significantly in men over 50. By age 60, about 50% of men will experience some degree of prostate enlargement.

3. Genetics: Family history may play a role in the likelihood of developing BPH. If your father or brother had prostate problems, you may be at a higher risk.

4. Lifestyle Factors: Obesity, lack of physical activity, and a diet high in red meat and fat may contribute to the risk of developing BPH.
5. Other Health Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes and heart disease may also be linked to an increased risk of BPH.

Symptoms of Prostate Enlargement
The symptoms of BPH can vary in severity and may include:
- Frequent Urination: An increased need to urinate, especially at night (nocturia).

- Urgency: A sudden, strong urge to urinate.

- Weak Urine Stream: A decrease in the force of the urine stream.

- Difficulty Starting Urination: Trouble initiating urination.

- Incomplete Emptying: A feeling that the bladder is not completely empty after urination.

- Painful Urination: Discomfort or pain during urination, which may be what you are experiencing.

Your Symptoms
In your case, the left side of your prostate feels swollen, and you occasionally experience a pulling or aching sensation. This could be indicative of several issues:
1. Localized Inflammation: The swelling could be due to localized inflammation or infection, such as prostatitis, which can cause pain and discomfort.

2. BPH: The symptoms you describe could also be related to BPH, where the enlargement of the prostate presses against the urethra, leading to discomfort and pain.

3. Other Conditions: It’s essential to consider other potential causes of your symptoms, such as prostate cancer or other urological issues.

Recommendations
Given your symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation. They may recommend:
- Digital Rectal Examination (DRE): To assess the size and condition of the prostate.

- Ultrasound: To visualize the prostate and check for abnormalities.

- Urinalysis: To rule out infections or other urinary tract issues.

- Blood Tests: Including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels to screen for prostate cancer.

Conclusion
Prostate enlargement is a common issue that can significantly impact quality of life. Understanding the causes and symptoms is the first step toward effective management. If you are experiencing discomfort or unusual symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical advice to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment options. Early intervention can help manage symptoms and prevent complications.

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