Tongue Swelling: Causes and When to Seek Help

Swelling of the tongue, with the sensation that the tongue is being pushed upward?

Hello Dr.
Chen,
First of all, thank you for your valuable time.
I actually don't know how to clearly describe my problem.
The first sensation I have is that I feel like the area of my jaw near my throat is being pushed upwards.
Alternatively, I can say that the back part of my tongue (the part closer to my throat) feels very sore and swollen.
I became aware of this issue when I suddenly experienced a cramping sensation in my throat, which made my entire neck feel very uncomfortable, and it felt like my tongue was being pulled out.
I have always had allergies and tend to catch colds quite frequently throughout the year, indicating that my immune system is not very strong.
Due to my job, I often have to drink alcohol for business purposes, and occasionally drinking too much leads to vomiting.
I have been unsure about which type of doctor I should consult to diagnose and potentially resolve my issue.
I would also like to know if you could provide me with some insights based on your expertise.
Thank you!

Kevin C, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/01/18

Dr. Chen Sirong reply Oncology

Kevin C / 33 years old / Male Happy New Year
1.
I have always been unsure about which type of doctor I should consult for my issue to effectively address my problem.

A: Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialist.
2.
I would also like to know if you could provide me with some insights based on your expertise.
Thank you!
A: My expertise is primarily in oncology, and I would consider tumors near the base of the tongue, including the floor of the mouth and tonsils, which are part of the oropharynx, and possibly even the hypopharynx.
Both benign and malignant conditions are possible.
Of course, there could be other causes as well.
I recommend that you visit a nearby ENT specialist as soon as possible.
Thank you for your inquiry.
Taoyuan Hospital, Dr.
Chen Sih-Rong.

Reply Date: 2016/01/18

More Info

Tongue swelling can be a concerning symptom, and it’s important to understand its potential causes and when to seek medical help. Based on your description, it sounds like you are experiencing discomfort in the back of your tongue and throat area, which could be related to several factors.

Possible Causes of Tongue Swelling
1. Allergic Reactions: Given your history of allergies, it’s possible that your tongue swelling could be a result of an allergic reaction. This could be triggered by certain foods, medications, or environmental allergens. Anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, can cause significant swelling of the tongue and throat, leading to difficulty breathing and swallowing.

2. Infections: Infections, such as viral or bacterial infections, can lead to swelling of the tongue. Conditions like oral thrush (a fungal infection) or strep throat can cause discomfort and swelling.

3. Irritation: Frequent alcohol consumption, especially in social settings, can irritate the mucous membranes in your mouth and throat. This irritation can lead to inflammation and swelling. Additionally, vomiting can further irritate the throat and tongue, contributing to discomfort.

4. Dehydration: Alcohol can lead to dehydration, which may cause your tongue to feel swollen or dry. Staying hydrated is crucial, especially if you consume alcohol regularly.

5. Underlying Health Conditions: Conditions such as angioedema (swelling beneath the skin) or autoimmune disorders can also cause tongue swelling. If you have a history of autoimmune diseases, this could be a contributing factor.

When to Seek Help
It’s essential to seek medical attention if you experience any of the following:
- Difficulty Breathing or Swallowing: If the swelling is severe enough to impede your ability to breathe or swallow, this is a medical emergency, and you should seek immediate help.

- Rapid Onset of Symptoms: If the swelling occurs suddenly, especially after eating or taking medication, it could indicate an allergic reaction.

- Persistent Symptoms: If the swelling persists for more than a few hours or is accompanied by other symptoms like fever, rash, or severe pain, you should consult a healthcare professional.

- Recurrent Episodes: If you find that this is a recurring issue, it’s important to see a doctor to determine the underlying cause.

Which Specialist to Consult
Given your symptoms and history, you might consider starting with a visit to an Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialist. They can evaluate your throat and tongue and determine if there are any structural or infectious issues. If allergies are suspected, an allergist may also be beneficial to identify specific triggers through testing. Additionally, if you have concerns about your immune system or overall health, a primary care physician can provide a comprehensive evaluation and refer you to the appropriate specialists.

Conclusion
In summary, tongue swelling can arise from various causes, including allergic reactions, infections, irritation from alcohol, or underlying health conditions. It’s crucial to monitor your symptoms and seek medical attention if you experience severe or persistent issues. Consulting with an ENT specialist or an allergist can help you get to the root of the problem and find appropriate treatment. Remember, your health is paramount, and addressing these symptoms early can prevent complications.

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