Post-Trauma Headaches: Causes and Solutions

Frequent headaches?

Doctor, about 5 to 6 years ago, I was in a car accident where the left side of my face swelled up to the point that my eye became nearly a straight line.
I also suffered a concussion.
Before the accident, I never had any issues with headaches, but since then, I often experience headaches.
I have to be very careful; even a little running or leaning against a chair for too long causes pain in the left side of my occiput and left temple.
The pain is more intense when I run.
I haven't had any examinations, and sometimes I wake up with this pain, which can last all day.
Sometimes taking headache medication doesn't help.
I don't know if this is normal...

Yumi, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/03/09

Dr. Jiang Junyi reply Neurology

Hello, based on your description, it is important to consider that common migraine symptoms in women may include visual disturbances.
These can manifest as scintillating scotomas or flashes of light, as well as blurred or distorted vision, which are often precursors to a migraine attack.
A few minutes after these aura symptoms appear, you may experience tingling, weakness, or numbness in the face, hands, or legs.
During the attack, symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, and pallor may accompany the headache.
Once the aura subsides, a unilateral, severe throbbing headache typically follows.
These migraine symptoms can last for several hours, and in some cases, up to 2-3 days.
Symptoms may worsen with physical activity, necessitating bed rest.
It is advisable to consult a neurologist for evaluation and treatment.
Wishing you good health and peace.

Reply Date: 2016/03/09

More Info

Post-trauma headaches are a common issue that can arise after an injury, particularly to the head or neck. Your experience of developing headaches following a car accident, especially with a history of facial swelling and a concussion, is not unusual. Understanding the causes and potential solutions for these headaches is crucial for managing your symptoms and improving your quality of life.

Causes of Post-Trauma Headaches
1. Concussion: A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury that can lead to various symptoms, including headaches. The brain may be affected by the sudden movement or impact, leading to inflammation and changes in the way the brain processes pain.

2. Cervicogenic Headaches: Injuries to the neck can also lead to headaches that originate from the cervical spine. If your neck was affected during the accident, it could contribute to tension and pain that radiates to the head.

3. Muscle Tension: After a traumatic event, muscle tension can increase due to stress and anxiety, leading to tension-type headaches. This is particularly relevant if you find yourself tensing up when engaging in physical activities like running.

4. Migraine: Some individuals may develop migraines after a head injury. These can be triggered by various factors, including physical exertion, stress, or changes in sleep patterns.

5. Post-Traumatic Headache Syndrome: This condition can occur after a head injury and is characterized by persistent headaches that can vary in intensity and duration. It may mimic tension-type headaches or migraines.

Symptoms to Monitor
Given your description, it’s important to monitor the following symptoms:
- Location and Type of Pain: You mentioned pain in the left side of your head, particularly the back and temple area. This could indicate a cervicogenic headache or a tension-type headache.

- Triggers: Note if certain activities, like running or leaning back in a chair, exacerbate your headaches. This can help identify specific triggers.

- Duration and Frequency: Keeping track of how long your headaches last and how often they occur can provide valuable information for your healthcare provider.

Solutions and Management
1. Medical Evaluation: It’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional, preferably a neurologist or a headache specialist. They can perform a thorough evaluation, including imaging studies if necessary, to rule out any serious underlying conditions.

2. Physical Therapy: If neck issues are contributing to your headaches, physical therapy may help. A physical therapist can provide exercises to strengthen neck muscles and improve posture, which may alleviate tension.

3. Medication: While you mentioned that over-the-counter pain medications have not been effective, it’s important to discuss this with your doctor. They may prescribe different medications or recommend preventive treatments tailored to your specific headache type.

4. Lifestyle Modifications: Implementing stress management techniques, such as mindfulness, yoga, or regular exercise, can help reduce the frequency and intensity of headaches. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule and staying hydrated are also beneficial.

5. Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding specific triggers, such as certain physical activities or stressors, can help manage your headaches. Keeping a headache diary may assist in recognizing patterns.

6. Alternative Therapies: Some individuals find relief through acupuncture, chiropractic care, or massage therapy. These alternative treatments can help reduce muscle tension and improve overall well-being.

Conclusion
Post-trauma headaches can significantly impact your daily life, especially if they are frequent and intense. Understanding the potential causes and seeking appropriate medical care is vital. By working with healthcare professionals and implementing lifestyle changes, you can develop a comprehensive approach to managing your headaches and improving your quality of life. Remember, it’s essential to listen to your body and seek help when needed.

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