Navigating Down Syndrome Diagnosis: Seeking Guidance for New Parents
Please help me? I gave birth to a baby boy at a well-known hospital in the northern part of Taiwan in October. The attending physician indicated that there is a possibility of Down syndrome based on clinical observation and recommended chromosome screening. The results came back ...
Dr. Lin Xuanpei Reply:
Chromosomal testing techniques have reached a mature stage, and if the results indicate abnormalities in the 21st pair of chromosomes, it is consistent with a diagnosis of Down syndrome. It is essential to clarify whether it is the most common form, "Trisomy 21" (for ex...[Read More] Navigating Down Syndrome Diagnosis: Seeking Guidance for New Parents
Understanding Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Complexity, Treatment, and Prognosis
Chronic granulomatous disease Is this disease very complex? Does the treatment process take a long time? What should I pay attention to after going home? I found information online that the prognosis seems to be poor; is that true?
Dr. Jian Yingxiu Reply:
The definitive treatment for X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, with risks depending on the dangers associated with the transplant procedure. The administration of interferon has been shown to enhance immune function in some patient...[Read More] Understanding Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Complexity, Treatment, and Prognosis
Dietary Considerations for Babies with Mucopolysaccharidosis
Dietary Considerations for Babies with Mucopolysaccharidosis Dietary Considerations for Babies with Mucopolysaccharidosis
Dr. Jian Yingxiu Reply:
Mucopolysaccharidosis itself does not require a special diet, but associated complications may necessitate individualized dietary recommendations. Patients should consult their physician regarding specific dietary considerations.[Read More] Dietary Considerations for Babies with Mucopolysaccharidosis
Understanding Abnormal Urine Color in Children: Causes and Solutions
Abnormal urine color? My child is eight years old. Since birth, the urine color has been normal when urinating, but after being left for a while, it turns darker, resembling dark brown. I have consulted several pediatricians, and they all said it’s not a concern. Recently, I hear...
Dr. Xu Shanjing Reply:
Dear Sir/Madam, There are several metabolic disorders that can cause discoloration of urine after it has been left to stand. It is important to observe if the child has any symptoms. The possible conditions associated with the color change of urine are summarized as follows: 1....[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Urine Color in Children: Causes and Solutions
Understanding Secondary Carnitine Deficiency in Rare Genetic Metabolic Disorders
Rare Disease: "Secondary Carnitine Deficiency due to Congenital Hereditary Metabolic Disorders" The child is currently one year and three months old and has shown developmental delays despite a smooth pregnancy and delivery. For example, at 4.5 months, she did not open ...
Dr. Lin Xuanpei Reply:
Please first confirm whether the deficiency of carnitine is primary or secondary. If it is secondary, what is the underlying cause? Are there clear results, or is it still under investigation? It is essential to thoroughly explore the primary causes, including comprehensive genet...[Read More] Understanding Secondary Carnitine Deficiency in Rare Genetic Metabolic Disorders
Understanding Taste Disorders After Thyroid Surgery: Causes and Solutions
Taste disorder Dear Dr. Chen, My mother underwent surgery for a benign thyroid tumor in her neck a year ago, and since then, her appetite has significantly decreased. She feels that her sense of taste has been greatly altered, and food has become tasteless to her, leading to a g...
Dr. Chen Shunsheng Reply:
Taste function is governed by branches of the facial nerve, and the pathway of the facial nerve is far removed from the location of the thyroid gland, making it unlikely that taste function would be affected by surgical trauma to the taste nerves. Additionally, taste function is ...[Read More] Understanding Taste Disorders After Thyroid Surgery: Causes and Solutions
Understanding Prader-Willi Syndrome: Growth Hormone and Treatment Options
Prader-Willi syndrome, growth hormone, and acromegaly? Hello, doctor! My sister's one-year-old daughter is suspected to have Prader-Willi syndrome or Angelman syndrome. Her hands and feet are very small (around the 3rd percentile). If she is indeed diagnosed, I would like to...
Dr. Cai Wenhui Reply:
Hello Jacky: 1. Growth hormone primarily improves the body composition (such as body fat index) and motor skills of affected children, with no reports of it causing enlargement of hands and feet. 2. The currently used growth hormone is Genotropin (produced by Pfizer), and the ...[Read More] Understanding Prader-Willi Syndrome: Growth Hormone and Treatment Options
Understanding Rare Muscle Pain: Causes and Solutions for Thigh Discomfort
I experience soreness in my thigh muscles when leaning backward at a certain angle? Hello Dr. Chen: When I stand and lean back about 30 degrees, I experience soreness from my right hip down to my knee. This has been going on for almost six months, and it seems to be getting more ...
Dr. Chen Shunsheng Reply:
The symptom description closely resembles spondylolisthesis at the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae. There are many causes of low back pain, which vary with age, gender, occupation, and the medical specialty consulted, leading to a phenomenon where different specialties offer di...[Read More] Understanding Rare Muscle Pain: Causes and Solutions for Thigh Discomfort
Understanding Decker-Wilson Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, and Insights
"Dejerine-Klumpke syndrome" is a type of brachial plexus injury that results from damage to the lower trunk of the brachial plexus, typically due to trauma or excessive stretching of the arm. This condition can lead to weakness or paralysis of the muscles in the hand an...
Dr. Chen Shunsheng Reply:
I really don't know "德凱爾文氏症", please provide the English name of the disease.[Read More] Understanding Decker-Wilson Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, and Insights
Is Hospital Isolation Necessary for Suspected Kuru Disease?
Does Kearns-Sayre syndrome require hospitalization and isolation? My father, 67 years old, was diagnosed with suspected Kuru disease at China Medical University in Taichung. He has been hospitalized for 17 days in a general ward, and to facilitate family care, he was transferred ...
Dr. Chen Shunsheng Reply:
I'm sorry, but I cannot access or view attachments. Please provide the content you would like me to translate, and I'll be happy to assist you.[Read More] Is Hospital Isolation Necessary for Suspected Kuru Disease?
Is Alopecia a Rare Disease? Understanding Its Prevalence and Impact
Is this a rare disease? Hello: Is "Alopecia" a rare disease? I have a friend who has this condition, please help me answer, thank you.
Dr. Jian Yingxiu Reply:
It is unclear whether there are any associated abnormalities. Alopecia universalis is not a rare condition on its own. However, if there are other associated abnormalities, it may indicate ectodermal dysplasia, which is classified as a rare disease. Please consult the original tr...[Read More] Is Alopecia a Rare Disease? Understanding Its Prevalence and Impact
Understanding ALD: Key Causes of Mortality and Oil Mixing Ratios Explained
ALD The primary cause of death in patients with ALD (Alcoholic Liver Disease) is liver failure, which can lead to complications such as hepatic encephalopathy, variceal bleeding, and infections. The 4:1 ratio for oil refers to the volume ratio.
Dr. Jian Yingxiu Reply:
Patients with ALD primarily die due to the inability to breathe and swallow independently. The oil is mixed in a 4:1 ratio, referring to weight.[Read More] Understanding ALD: Key Causes of Mortality and Oil Mixing Ratios Explained
Understanding Crouzon Syndrome: Surgery Timing and Genetic Implications for Your Child
Kreutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome Hello, I discovered that my two-week-old child has craniosynostosis. He is now four months old. Initially, I took him to Taipei Veterans General Hospital to see Dr. Huang Li-Tung (neurosurgery), who recommended surgery at four months to cut the suture a...
Dr. Lin Xuanpei Reply:
The parents have brought the young patient to Mackay Memorial Hospital to seek our opinion. After arranging for necessary follow-up examinations and consulting relevant subspecialty physicians, the patient has now been referred to the pediatric neurosurgery department for preoper...[Read More] Understanding Crouzon Syndrome: Surgery Timing and Genetic Implications for Your Child
Is Crohn's Disease Considered a Rare Disease?
Is it a rare disease? Hello! Is Crohn's disease considered a rare disease?
Dr. Jian Yingxiu Reply:
It has not yet been classified as a rare disease.[Read More] Is Crohn's Disease Considered a Rare Disease?
Understanding Symptoms and Care for Infants with Propionic Acidemia
Rare diseases Infants with propionic acidemia may develop symptoms such as metabolic acidosis, lethargy, vomiting, poor feeding, and developmental delays. To prevent symptoms, it is crucial to manage the condition through dietary restrictions, including a low-protein diet and sup...
Dr. Lin Guanglin Reply:
Please consult Dr. Hou Chia-Wei at our hospital. Thank you.[Read More] Understanding Symptoms and Care for Infants with Propionic Acidemia
Understanding Propionic Acidemia: Follow-Up Testing and Positive Rates
Propionic acidemia The rate of positive results in confirmatory testing for suspected propionic acidemia in newborn screening is approximately 50%. Propionic acidemia is a rare inherited metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase, which is e...
Dr. Jian Yingxiu Reply:
For information on propionic acidemia, please refer to http://ntuh.mc.ntu.edu.tw/gene/genehelp/database/disease/Propionic_acidemia_940429.htm. A positive result in newborn screening does not necessarily indicate that the infant is affected by the disease. Please ensure to follow ...[Read More] Understanding Propionic Acidemia: Follow-Up Testing and Positive Rates
Understanding Rare Congenital Disease: What Does a C2 Value of 53 Mean?
Congenital rare diseases. What is C2? A newborn was tested and found to have a rare disease with a C2 value of 53, while the standard is 50.
Dr. Jian Yingxiu Reply:
C2 refers to C2-acylcarnitine, which is one of the metabolic products of fatty acid organic acid metabolism. In common metabolic disorders, it is usually not expressed solely by an increase in C2 acylcarnitine, but rather in conjunction with elevated levels of other carnitine con...[Read More] Understanding Rare Congenital Disease: What Does a C2 Value of 53 Mean?
Understanding Mitochondrial Diseases: Testing and Genetic Inheritance Concerns
Mitochondrial diseases Hello Dr. Hou, I would like to ask if mitochondrial diseases can always be detected through testing. My daughter underwent clinical observation in neurology and a DNA test, which revealed abnormalities in her DNA, but it could not be definitively diagnosed,...
Dr. Hou Jiawei Reply:
In addition to red blood cells, mitochondria are present in every cell of the body and are responsible for producing the energy necessary for growth and survival. Mitochondria have their own DNA, which is inherited solely from the mother. Therefore, mitochondrial DNA is passed do...[Read More] Understanding Mitochondrial Diseases: Testing and Genetic Inheritance Concerns
Understanding Methylmalonic Acidemia: Insights and Concerns for Families
Worried about grandma? My grandson has been confirmed by the hospital to have methylmalonic acidemia. However, he has gained 2 kilograms and grown 6 centimeters in height while drinking milk for the past two months, and he seems to be in good spirits. I have great respect for doc...
Dr. Hou Jiawei Reply:
Symptoms of methylmalonic acidemia vary by individual, but most are related to different mutations causing the deficiency. Some children may experience transient elevations in methylmalonic acid due to immature enzyme function at birth, and retesting is recommended.[Read More] Understanding Methylmalonic Acidemia: Insights and Concerns for Families
Understanding Chronic Pain and Lack of Sweat: A Rare Disease Insight
No sweating and全身刺痛? Hello, I experience a tingling, electric shock sensation and pain in my limbs and back when exposed to higher temperatures or when I feel like I am about to sweat. I have been hospitalized and have undergone multiple tests, including blood tests, immunologica...
Dr. Chen Shunsheng Reply:
Dear Ah Hsiung, When the limbs and back are exposed to higher temperatures and there is a sensation of sweating, it can lead to a prickling, electric shock-like sensation and pain. My first thought is autonomic neuropathy, which is often associated with small fiber neuropathy. ...[Read More] Understanding Chronic Pain and Lack of Sweat: A Rare Disease Insight