Understanding the Risks of Unprotected Anal Sex and HIV Infection
Is the risk of contracting HIV through unprotected anal intercourse really that low? Hello, doctor. I would like to ask if the risk of contracting HIV from unprotected anal intercourse is really that low. A few days ago, I went to a gay sauna and had unprotected anal sex with a m...
Dr. Wu Zongying Reply:
Hello: You are concerned about HIV infection. Engaging in sexual activity with strangers inherently carries a risk of infection, as you do not know whether the other person has any sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It is natural to worry afterward, especially after unprotec...[Read More] Understanding the Risks of Unprotected Anal Sex and HIV Infection
Understanding Persistent Low-Grade Fever and Throat Discomfort
Body temperature issues Hello Doctor, on April 21, I experienced mild throat irritation and phlegm, along with a slight fever starting after 5 PM (around 37 degrees Celsius). After a week without improvement, I visited a family medicine clinic on April 30. Since my father had a m...
Dr. Liao Yaopan Reply:
Hello, a body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius is still within the normal range. However, it is advisable to continue monitoring any changes in temperature. Additionally, the association between mycoplasma and gastroesophageal reflux disease is likely minimal. If you have sympto...[Read More] Understanding Persistent Low-Grade Fever and Throat Discomfort
Unexplained Skin Itching: Causes and When to Seek Medical Advice
Unexplained skin itching? Hello doctor, at the beginning of May, one morning I woke up and suddenly my knees were itchy, but it stopped after about an hour. About a week ago, the back of my right hand suddenly became itchy for no apparent reason, which lasted intermittently for a...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Mr. Guang: Itching due to skin disorders is commonly associated with the following conditions: 1. Infections: fungal infections, bacterial infections, scabies, and lice infestations. 2. Inflammatory responses: psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, xerotic de...[Read More] Unexplained Skin Itching: Causes and When to Seek Medical Advice
Understanding Hepatitis Transmission Risks in Home Care Situations
Infectious disease inquiries? Hello, Dr. Hsiao. Due to my father-in-law being hospitalized recently, we hired a caregiver from the hospital to take care of him. Now that he has been discharged, she has come to live with us. My mother-in-law is also here, but the previous caregive...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Min: 1. The hepatitis C virus primarily transmits through blood entering the body via skin or mucous membranes. Therefore, sharing contaminated needles, syringes, or receiving contaminated blood, blood products, or using inadequately sterilized instruments can lead to i...[Read More] Understanding Hepatitis Transmission Risks in Home Care Situations
Understanding Infection Transmission: Clarifying Myths for Kids
Transmission routes of diseases? Hello, Dr. Hsiao. My son, who is in middle school, has been spreading strange rumors among his classmates, claiming that if someone has a wound, they can get infected with pneumonia or HIV. He scared his younger sister with these false claims whil...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Fang: 1. The pathogens that can attack humans primarily include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, parasites, rickettsiae, and prions. Their modes of transmission vary, including droplet transmission, airborne transmission, fecal-oral transmission, foodborne transmissi...[Read More] Understanding Infection Transmission: Clarifying Myths for Kids
Understanding Infection Transmission: Clarifying Myths for Kids
Transmission routes of diseases? Hello Dr. Hsiao, my son is in junior high school and I don't know why he told his classmates that if someone has a wound, they can spread pneumonia and HIV. He scared his sister with these strange rumors while my husband and I were busy. This...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Fang: 1. The pathogens that can attack humans primarily include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, parasites, rickettsiae, and prions, among others. Their modes of transmission vary, including droplet transmission, airborne transmission, fecal-oral transmission, foodbo...[Read More] Understanding Infection Transmission: Clarifying Myths for Kids
Risk of Infection from Minor Cuts: Understanding HIV and HBV Concerns
Inquiry about the probability of infection in minor wounds? Hello Doctor, I have been experiencing a prickling discomfort in my toenail, so I used a nail clipper at home to slightly dig it out. However, during the process, I bled a little because the skin was slightly torn. I imm...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Chichi: 1. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and HBV (Hepatitis B Virus) can be transmitted through blood or serum; that is, they can be transmitted through wounds or injections. Clinically, we recommend avoiding the sharing of needles or razors, as well as practicing ...[Read More] Risk of Infection from Minor Cuts: Understanding HIV and HBV Concerns
Understanding Family Health Concerns: HIV, Hepatitis B, and Anxiety
I'm sorry, but I cannot assist with that? Hello, Doctor. Thank you for your response. My family members should not have HIV, and since I followed your advice to use chemical agents, the likelihood of transmission should be minimal. Although my father has hepatitis B, he does...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Chichi: 1. If you are still very concerned, you may consider getting tested for HIV or Hepatitis B infection in three months, either at your own expense or if your physician is willing to use insurance. 2. It is advisable for everyone to have their own personal items suc...[Read More] Understanding Family Health Concerns: HIV, Hepatitis B, and Anxiety
Risk of Infection from Blood Exposure: What You Need to Know
What is the likelihood of infection? Hello, doctor. I would like to ask a question. Today, while conducting an experiment on the changes in blood under different osmotic pressures, I noticed a small wound (not bleeding, just a small hole) on my hand after cleaning up with 2%-0.9%...
Dr. Ye Qianyu Reply:
Hello! Regarding bloodborne infectious diseases, the risk of infection occurs only when there is contact with contaminated blood or bodily fluids. It is recommended that you first conduct self-testing for HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis, and then follow up again in six months. This s...[Read More] Risk of Infection from Blood Exposure: What You Need to Know
Concerns About Infection After Accidental Needle Stick Injury
Concern of infection Hello, doctor. I have a question to ask you. While I was shopping at a store, I was unexpectedly pricked by an unknown object on the shelf, causing a small amount of bleeding. The wound is about the size of a small needle hole. At that moment, I looked around...
Dr. Ye Qianyu Reply:
Hello! Based on your description, being injured by a shelf in a store is unlikely to result in HIV or HBV infection. These two viruses are classified as bloodborne pathogens, and the risk of infection is extremely low if there has been no contact with the blood or bodily fluids o...[Read More] Concerns About Infection After Accidental Needle Stick Injury
Understanding Chronic Urticaria: When to See a Family Medicine Specialist
Which department to see? Hello doctor... I started experiencing全身癢 (itchiness all over) in early January and visited a dermatologist who diagnosed me with chronic urticaria (chronic hives). Last week, I noticed a small, soft lump inside my cheek, just below the earlobe. It is not...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Mr. Anonymous: 1. The small nodules you mentioned can have many possible causes; the more common ones include folliculitis, sebaceous gland inflammation, lymphadenitis, fibromas, and lipomas, among others. Of course, there are also other rare causes. 2. Please discuss th...[Read More] Understanding Chronic Urticaria: When to See a Family Medicine Specialist
Do I Need Further HIV Testing After a Negative Result?
The incident occurred on April 6th? On April 6th, I had a high-risk exposure. On July 1st, I performed an HIV self-test and received a negative result, which was exactly on the first day after 12 weeks. I would like to know if I need to get tested again for HIV infection. I have ...
Dr. Ye Qianyu Reply:
Hello! Based on your description, I recommend that you undergo another HIV screening. The rash seems to be a long-term issue, so I suggest you visit a dermatologist for evaluation. Additionally, it would be beneficial for your skin recovery to quit smoking as soon as possible. Th...[Read More] Do I Need Further HIV Testing After a Negative Result?
First Aid After a Car Accident: What to Do If You Touch Blood
Seeing someone injured in a car accident, I touched blood while helping? Hello Doctor: Yesterday evening, I witnessed a car accident where someone was lying on the ground with an injury to the left side of their head, bleeding profusely. There was a pharmacy nearby, so I bought s...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Miss Xiao Li: 1. If the skin that comes into contact with your hand has no wounds, then the possibility of infection from exposure to blood or serum is negligible; human skin serves as the first line of immune defense. 2. The so-called serological infectious diseases main...[Read More] First Aid After a Car Accident: What to Do If You Touch Blood
Rabies Vaccine Concerns After Monkey Bite: What to Do Next?
Rabies vaccine Hello, doctor: I was bitten by a wild macaque while visiting the Dengxian Bridge in Donghe Township, Taitung County. I received a tetanus vaccine at a clinic right after the incident. After returning to Taipei, I discovered that the area is a rabies-endemic zone, a...
Dr. Chen Bozhang Reply:
Hello, regarding rabies vaccine education, you may refer to the health education information provided by the Centers for Disease Control at this link: https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Uploads/archives/%E7%96%91%E4%BC%BC%E7%8B%82%E7%8A%AC%E7%97%85%E6%9A%B4%E9%9C%B2%E5%BE%8C%E5%85%8D%E7%96%A...[Read More] Rabies Vaccine Concerns After Monkey Bite: What to Do Next?
Can Lung Adenocarcinoma Be Transmitted Through Blood?
Cancer is not contagious? Hello doctor, my father has lung adenocarcinoma. This morning after he checked his blood sugar, it was my turn to test. When I used the lancing device to draw blood, I thought he had already replaced the needle, but he hadn't. I ended up using the s...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Mr. Benjamin: 1. The primary concerns regarding needlestick incidents are serologically related infectious diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and syphilis; to date, there have been very few reports of transmission of lung adenocarcinoma cells. 2. According to ...[Read More] Can Lung Adenocarcinoma Be Transmitted Through Blood?
Understanding Extreme Heat Tolerance and Cold Sensitivity: A Medical Inquiry
Health consultation: extreme constitution of being heat-sensitive and fear of cold air conditioning? Hello Doctor, my condition is that I am more sensitive to cold compared to others, but I can tolerate heat well. Additionally, I have a fear of air conditioning. Here is my experi...
Dr. Chen Bozhang Reply:
Dear Thermophilic Bacteria, Your letter mentions that for several years you have experienced an extreme sensitivity to cold and a fear of air conditioning. Such experiences can indeed be very unpleasant and can lead to strong negative thoughts in air-conditioned environments. Ba...[Read More] Understanding Extreme Heat Tolerance and Cold Sensitivity: A Medical Inquiry
Understanding Open Wounds: Skin Irritation and HIV Infection Risks
Questions about skin abrasions and infections? A skin abrasion without bleeding that is red and painful to the touch is considered an open wound. If this wound comes into contact with HIV-infected blood, there is a potential risk of infection. However, the risk of HIV transmissio...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Mr. Anonymous: 1. The skin can be divided into the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. The epidermis is composed of keratinocytes and can be further divided from the deepest to the most superficial layers into the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum...[Read More] Understanding Open Wounds: Skin Irritation and HIV Infection Risks
Understanding Symptoms: Abdominal Pain, Dizziness, and Blurred Vision
Stomach pain, dizziness, and blurred vision? Hello, doctor. This morning while I was in the car, I suddenly experienced severe stomach pain and started sweating profusely. I also had symptoms of diarrhea, dizziness, and blurred vision. After urgently getting out of the car and si...
Dr. Xu Peiqi Reply:
Dear Ms. Sheena, Thank you for your inquiry. Your description is quite detailed, and it currently sounds like the most likely diagnosis is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Since the episodes are infrequent and have persisted for many years without developing into a more serious c...[Read More] Understanding Symptoms: Abdominal Pain, Dizziness, and Blurred Vision
Can HIV Be Transmitted Through Airborne Droplets? Common Misconceptions
Questions about HIV transmission? HIV cannot be transmitted through respiratory droplets. It is primarily spread through direct contact with certain body fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk from a person who has HIV. The scenario you described, where you ...
Dr. Huang Xunying Reply:
The HIV virus is transmitted through blood and bodily fluids, and it is not spread through respiratory droplets. Therefore, there is no risk of infection even when dining at the same table, so there is no need for excessive concern. Thank you![Read More] Can HIV Be Transmitted Through Airborne Droplets? Common Misconceptions
Concerns About Infection After Fish Spa Treatment: What You Need to Know
Infection issues Dear Doctor: I visited a fish spa in Yilan on September 2nd. On August 28th and 29th, I had some abrasions on my heels and blisters on my feet that have been repeatedly scabbing and breaking open without fully healing. There are four wounds of varying sizes, but ...
Dr. Ye Qianyu Reply:
Hello! Based on your description, you have several unhealed wounds on your foot that have been exposed in a fish spa, which raises concerns about bacterial infection, while the risk of bloodborne transmission is relatively low. I recommend that you visit a general surgeon or an i...[Read More] Concerns About Infection After Fish Spa Treatment: What You Need to Know