HPV Vaccines: Essential Guidance for Couples

About the HPV vaccine?

Hello, Doctor.
I would like to ask you some questions regarding the HPV vaccine.
My girlfriend and I have been dating, but we have not engaged in complete sexual intercourse.
Before we met, neither of us had any sexual contact or experience.
However, since we started dating, we have engaged in manual and oral stimulation of the genital area.
If we are considering getting the vaccine for my girlfriend, should she first undergo a Pap smear to check for any infections? Additionally, during the waiting period, is it safe for us to attempt sexual intercourse? I understand there are about 2 to 3 types of vaccines available on the market; based on your professional knowledge and clinical experience, which one would you recommend? Thank you very much for your response and assistance.

WTK, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/04/10

Dr. Tian Yiwen reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

1.
It is generally recommended not to test for HPV infection before vaccination.
2.
The protective effect before completing the vaccination is limited; there is still a possibility of infection if HPV virus exposure occurs during this period due to sexual activity.
3.
Currently, there are two types of vaccines available on the market (bivalent and quadrivalent).
There are many articles written by hospitals online for reference.
Both vaccines provide good protection against the most common types that cause cervical cancer, namely types 16 and 18.
However, the quadrivalent vaccine also offers protection against HPV types 6 and 11, which cause genital warts (commonly known as "cauliflower"), so males may also consider getting vaccinated.

Reply Date: 2016/04/10

More Info

When it comes to understanding HPV (Human Papillomavirus) vaccines, especially for couples who are considering vaccination, there are several important factors to consider. HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection, and while many people may be infected with it at some point in their lives, most will clear the virus naturally without any health issues. However, certain high-risk strains of HPV can lead to various cancers, including cervical cancer, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancers.

Importance of HPV Vaccination
The HPV vaccine is a crucial preventive measure against the strains of the virus that are most likely to cause cancer. The vaccines available, such as Gardasil 9, protect against nine strains of HPV, including the high-risk types (16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58) and the low-risk types (6 and 11) that cause genital warts. Vaccination is recommended for preteens (ages 11-12), but it can be given up to age 26, and in some cases, up to age 45, depending on individual circumstances.

Vaccination Before Sexual Activity
In your case, since both you and your girlfriend have not engaged in penetrative sexual intercourse and have limited sexual contact, it is advisable for her to receive the HPV vaccine. There is no need for her to undergo a Pap smear or HPV testing before vaccination, especially if she has not had sexual intercourse. The vaccine is most effective when given before the onset of sexual activity, but it can still provide benefits even if some sexual activity has occurred.

Engaging in Sexual Activity During the Vaccination Process
If you and your girlfriend are considering engaging in sexual activity while she is in the process of getting vaccinated, it is generally safe to do so. However, it is essential to practice safe sex, including the use of condoms, to reduce the risk of transmitting HPV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The vaccine does not provide immediate protection; it typically takes a few weeks for the body to develop immunity after the vaccination series is completed.

Choosing the Right Vaccine
Regarding the types of HPV vaccines available, Gardasil 9 is currently the most comprehensive option, as it covers the most strains of HPV associated with cancer and genital warts. It is recommended for both males and females and is the preferred choice for those eligible for vaccination. If your girlfriend is within the recommended age range and has not been previously vaccinated, Gardasil 9 would be the best option.

Conclusion
In summary, encouraging your girlfriend to get vaccinated against HPV is a proactive step towards protecting her health and reducing the risk of HPV-related cancers in the future. There is no need for prior testing before vaccination, and engaging in sexual activity during the vaccination process is permissible as long as safe practices are followed. Gardasil 9 is the recommended vaccine due to its broad coverage against multiple HPV strains. Always consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice and to address any specific concerns you may have.

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