Rectal Bleeding: Causes and When to Seek Help - Surgery

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Rectal bleeding can be a concerning symptom, especially when accompanied by changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, and a family history of colorectal cancer. Your situation, characterized by constipation alternating with diarrhea, along with the presence of bright red blood in your stool, warrants careful evaluation.
First, it’s essential to understand the potential causes of rectal bleeding. The bright red blood you are experiencing is often indicative of bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract, which includes the rectum and colon. Common causes include hemorrhoids, anal fissures, diverticular disease, and inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. Given your symptoms of pain during bowel movements and the alternating constipation and diarrhea, hemorrhoids or anal fissures could be likely culprits. However, the presence of blood in your stool, especially in the context of a family history of colorectal cancer, raises the need for a more thorough investigation.

Your mention of having a family history of colorectal cancer is particularly significant. While many cases of rectal bleeding are benign, a family history of colorectal cancer increases your risk. It’s crucial to take this into account when discussing your symptoms with your healthcare provider. The fact that your grandmother passed away from this disease adds to the urgency of your situation.

You have already taken a proactive step by scheduling an appointment with a gastroenterologist. This is the right course of action. During your visit, the doctor will likely perform a thorough evaluation, which may include a physical examination, a review of your medical history, and possibly diagnostic tests such as a colonoscopy. A colonoscopy is a procedure that allows the doctor to visualize the inside of your colon and rectum, and it can help identify any abnormalities such as polyps, tumors, or areas of inflammation.

In the meantime, it’s important to manage your symptoms. If you are experiencing constipation, consider increasing your dietary fiber intake through fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and ensure you are drinking plenty of fluids. Over-the-counter stool softeners or laxatives may also be helpful, but it’s best to consult with your healthcare provider before starting any new medication. For the diarrhea and abdominal pain, keeping a food diary may help identify any triggers or specific foods that exacerbate your symptoms.

Additionally, if you experience any of the following symptoms, you should seek immediate medical attention:
- Severe abdominal pain that does not improve
- Significant changes in your bowel habits
- Persistent rectal bleeding
- Signs of anemia, such as fatigue, weakness, or pale skin
While it’s natural to feel anxious about the possibility of a serious condition, it’s important to remember that many causes of rectal bleeding are treatable. Your healthcare provider will be able to guide you through the diagnostic process and recommend appropriate treatment based on the findings.
In summary, rectal bleeding, especially in the context of a family history of colorectal cancer, should not be ignored. Your upcoming appointment with a gastroenterologist is a crucial step in determining the cause of your symptoms and ensuring appropriate management. Stay proactive about your health, and don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider with any further concerns or questions.