Swollen Area Under Right Jaw: Possible Causes and When to Seek Help - Family Medicine

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Swelling under the jaw, particularly on the right side, can be attributed to several potential causes. Given your description of the swelling being tender to touch and causing discomfort when swallowing, it is important to consider a few possibilities.

1. Lymphadenopathy: The most common cause of swelling in this area is swollen lymph nodes, which can occur due to infections. The lymph nodes in the neck can become enlarged in response to infections in the throat, mouth, or even due to systemic infections. If you have a sore tongue, it could indicate a localized infection, such as a canker sore or another type of oral lesion, which may lead to lymph node swelling.

2. Tonsillitis: If the swelling is related to the tonsils, you might be experiencing tonsillitis, which can cause the tonsils to become inflamed and lead to swelling in the surrounding lymph nodes. This condition often presents with a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and sometimes fever.

3. Salivary Gland Issues: Another possibility is an issue with the salivary glands, such as sialadenitis (inflammation of the salivary glands) or a blocked salivary duct. This can cause swelling and tenderness in the area under the jaw. If you notice dry mouth or difficulty swallowing, this could be a contributing factor.

4. Dental Issues: Dental infections or abscesses can also cause swelling in the jaw area. If you have had recent dental work or issues with your teeth, this could be a potential cause of your symptoms.

5. Other Causes: Less commonly, swelling could be due to other conditions such as cysts, tumors, or even thyroid issues. However, these are less likely given your acute symptoms.

Given that you have noticed this swelling suddenly and it is accompanied by tenderness and discomfort, it is advisable to seek medical attention. While some causes of swelling may resolve on their own, others may require treatment, especially if they are due to an infection. A healthcare professional can perform a physical examination, possibly order imaging studies, and determine the appropriate course of action.

In the meantime, here are some self-care measures you can take:
- Warm Compress: Applying a warm compress to the swollen area may help reduce discomfort and promote drainage if there is an underlying infection.

- Hydration: Ensure you are drinking plenty of fluids, which can help if you are experiencing any throat discomfort.

- Pain Relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation.

If you experience any worsening symptoms, such as increased swelling, fever, difficulty breathing, or swallowing, seek immediate medical attention. It is always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to unexplained swelling, especially in the head and neck area.