Lateral Knee Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Lateral knee pain

There is a noticeable point of pain when pressing on the outer side of the knee, and there is tight pain when bending and exerting force.
When the leg is straightened or bent, there is a feeling of tightness and swelling at the junction of the thigh above the knee.
Previously, I consulted a doctor and took anti-inflammatory medication and muscle relaxants, which provided some relief, but the symptoms reappeared one or two days after stopping the medication.
This has been recurring for two months, with the sensation of swelling sometimes being particularly pronounced and other times mild.
What could this issue be?

Anne, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/09/14

Dr. Ye Qingnian reply Orthopedics

Based on the chief complaint, it is likely tendonitis.
In addition to taking medication, applying heat at home frequently will yield better results.

Reply Date: 2017/09/14

More Info

Lateral knee pain can be a frustrating and debilitating condition that affects many individuals, particularly those who engage in activities that put stress on the knee joint. Understanding the potential causes, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for effective management and recovery.

Causes of Lateral Knee Pain
1. Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS): One of the most common causes of lateral knee pain, especially in runners and cyclists, is ITBS. The iliotibial band is a thick band of tissue that runs from the hip down to the knee. When it becomes tight or inflamed, it can cause pain on the outer side of the knee, particularly during activities that involve bending the knee.

2. Lateral Meniscus Tear: The menisci are cartilage structures that act as shock absorbers in the knee. A tear in the lateral meniscus can lead to pain, swelling, and a sensation of the knee "catching" or locking during movement.

3. Patellar Tendonitis: Also known as "jumper's knee," this condition involves inflammation of the tendon that connects the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone (tibia). Pain may be felt on the outer side of the knee, especially when bending or straightening the leg.

4. Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae, small fluid-filled sacs that cushion the knee joint, can lead to localized pain on the outer side of the knee. Lateral bursitis can occur due to repetitive movements or prolonged pressure on the knee.

5. Osteoarthritis: Degenerative changes in the knee joint can lead to pain and stiffness, particularly on the outer side of the knee. This is more common in older adults or those with a history of knee injuries.

6. Ligament Injuries: Injuries to the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) or other supporting structures of the knee can result in pain and instability.

Symptoms
Individuals with lateral knee pain may experience:
- Localized pain on the outer side of the knee, which may be sharp or aching.

- Swelling and tenderness in the affected area.

- A feeling of tightness or pressure in the knee, especially during movement.

- Pain that worsens with activities such as running, squatting, or climbing stairs.

- A sensation of the knee locking or giving way during movement.

Treatment Options
1. Rest and Activity Modification: Reducing activities that exacerbate the pain is crucial. Avoiding high-impact exercises and incorporating low-impact activities such as swimming or cycling can help.

2. Ice Therapy: Applying ice to the affected area can reduce inflammation and alleviate pain. Ice should be applied for 15-20 minutes several times a day, especially after activities.

3. Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can design a rehabilitation program that focuses on strengthening the muscles around the knee, improving flexibility, and correcting any biomechanical issues that may contribute to the pain.

4. Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation. Muscle relaxants may also be prescribed to alleviate muscle tension.

5. Injections: Corticosteroid injections may provide temporary relief from inflammation and pain. In some cases, hyaluronic acid injections can help lubricate the joint.

6. Surgery: If conservative treatments fail and the pain persists, surgical options may be considered. This could involve repairing a meniscus tear, releasing the iliotibial band, or addressing any structural issues within the knee.

7. Orthotics and Bracing: Custom orthotics or knee braces can provide additional support and stability to the knee, helping to alleviate pain during activities.

Conclusion
Lateral knee pain can stem from various causes, and understanding the underlying issue is essential for effective treatment. If symptoms persist despite conservative management, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and tailored treatment plan. Early intervention can lead to better outcomes and a quicker return to normal activities.

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