Rectal Bleeding: Causes, Treatments, and When to Seek Help - Surgery

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Rectal bleeding can be a concerning symptom, and understanding its causes, treatments, and when to seek medical help is crucial for your health. Based on your description, it seems that you have been experiencing rectal bleeding intermittently, which has been diagnosed as hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus that can cause discomfort, itching, and bleeding during bowel movements.


Causes of Rectal Bleeding
1. Hemorrhoids: As you've already been diagnosed, hemorrhoids are a common cause of rectal bleeding. They can be classified into internal and external types. Internal hemorrhoids are usually painless but can bleed, while external hemorrhoids can be painful and may cause bleeding if they rupture.

2. Anal Fissures: These are small tears in the lining of the anus, often caused by passing hard stools. They can lead to sharp pain and bleeding during bowel movements.

3. Diverticular Disease: Diverticulosis, which involves the formation of small pouches in the colon wall, can lead to diverticulitis, causing inflammation and bleeding.

4. Colorectal Polyps or Cancer: Polyps are growths on the inner lining of the colon or rectum that can bleed. Some polyps can develop into cancer over time, making it essential to monitor any changes.

5. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause inflammation and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.

6. Infections: Certain infections can lead to inflammation and bleeding in the rectal area.


Treatments
1. Conservative Management: For hemorrhoids, conservative treatments include dietary changes (increasing fiber intake), hydration, and over-the-counter medications like topical creams or suppositories to reduce inflammation and pain.

2. Surgical Options: If hemorrhoids are severe or do not respond to conservative treatment, procedures such as rubber band ligation or surgical hemorrhoidectomy may be necessary.

3. Medications: As you mentioned, your doctor prescribed a rectal suppository, which can help reduce inflammation and promote healing. It's essential to follow the prescribed regimen and report any side effects.

4. Regular Monitoring: Since you have a history of rectal bleeding, regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are crucial. They may recommend periodic colonoscopies to monitor for any changes, especially if you have risk factors for colorectal cancer.


When to Seek Help
You should seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of the following:
- Heavy Bleeding: If you notice a significant amount of blood (more than a few tablespoons) or if the bleeding persists.

- Severe Pain: If you experience severe pain that does not improve with over-the-counter medications.

- Changes in Bowel Habits: If you notice a change in your bowel habits, such as persistent diarrhea or constipation.

- Unexplained Weight Loss: If you are losing weight without trying, it could indicate a more serious condition.

- Signs of Infection: Fever, chills, or increased pain could indicate an infection that requires treatment.


Conclusion
In summary, while hemorrhoids are a common cause of rectal bleeding, it is essential to monitor your symptoms closely. Since you have experienced recurrent bleeding, it would be wise to discuss your ongoing symptoms with your healthcare provider. They may consider further evaluation, such as a colonoscopy, to rule out other potential causes. Maintaining a high-fiber diet, staying hydrated, and following your doctor's advice on medication and lifestyle changes can help manage your symptoms effectively. Always prioritize your health and seek help if you have any concerns.