Rectal Bleeding: Causes and When to Seek Help - Surgery

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Rectal bleeding can be a concerning symptom, and it's important to understand its potential causes and when to seek medical help. Based on your description, you have experienced blood on toilet paper after wiping, occurring about once or twice a month, along with some mucus. This situation can arise from various conditions, some of which are benign, while others may require more serious attention.


Common Causes of Rectal Bleeding
1. Hemorrhoids: One of the most common causes of rectal bleeding, hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower rectum or anus. They can cause bright red blood on the toilet paper or in the stool, especially during bowel movements.

2. Anal Fissures: These are small tears in the lining of the anus, often caused by passing hard stools. They can lead to sharp pain during bowel movements and may also cause bleeding.

3. Diverticular Disease: Diverticulosis, which involves the formation of small pouches in the colon wall, can lead to diverticulitis if these pouches become inflamed. This condition can cause rectal bleeding, along with abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits.

4. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to symptoms like rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

5. Polyps or Colorectal Cancer: While less common, rectal bleeding can be a sign of polyps or colorectal cancer, especially if accompanied by other symptoms such as changes in bowel habits, weight loss, or abdominal discomfort.


When to Seek Medical Help
Given the potential seriousness of some causes of rectal bleeding, it is crucial to seek medical attention if you experience any of the following:
- Persistent Bleeding: If you notice blood on the toilet paper consistently or if the bleeding increases in frequency or volume.

- Accompanying Symptoms: If you experience significant abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits (such as diarrhea or constipation), weight loss, or fatigue.

- Mucus or Changes in Stool: The presence of mucus along with blood can indicate inflammation or infection, which should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.


Recommended Actions
1. Consult a Healthcare Provider: It is advisable to see a gastroenterologist or your primary care physician for a thorough evaluation. They may recommend a physical examination, a digital rectal exam, or further diagnostic tests such as a colonoscopy to determine the cause of the bleeding.

2. Dietary Changes: Since you mentioned a decrease in vegetable intake and an increase in eating out, consider incorporating more fiber-rich foods into your diet. This can help prevent constipation and reduce the risk of hemorrhoids and fissures.

3. Hydration: Ensure you are drinking enough water, as proper hydration can help maintain regular bowel movements.

4. Monitor Symptoms: Keep track of any changes in your symptoms, including the frequency and amount of bleeding, as well as any new symptoms that may arise.


Conclusion
While occasional rectal bleeding can be benign, it is essential to take it seriously, especially with your symptoms. Early evaluation and intervention can lead to better outcomes and peace of mind. Remember, it's always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to your health.