HPV and Genital Warts: Vaccination, Treatment, and Concerns

Infection with cauliflower (cauliflower-like warts)

I recently developed small growths on my scrotum and visited a urologist.
The doctor performed laser treatment and a biopsy, but due to the small size, he couldn't confirm whether it was genital warts.
He also administered the first dose of the HPV vaccine on the spot.
However, the recent report confirmed that it is indeed genital warts.
I would like to ask if getting vaccinated right after being diagnosed with genital warts is effective? How long do I need to wait without any new growths to be considered non-contagious? When can I resume sexual activity? In terms of recurrence, does it refer to growths in the same area or can it also mean new growths in different areas? If new growths appear, does that indicate a recurrence? Should I undergo HPV testing three months later? I also have a condition of phimosis; when is the best time to undergo circumcision? Should I wait until all three doses of the vaccine are completed before getting circumcised? Regarding my partner (who is also male), he currently has no symptoms.
Should he seek medical attention, or should he wait until symptoms appear? Does he also need to get vaccinated? How serious is genital warts as a condition? I am feeling quite anxious about this.

Chen, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/08/15

Dr. Chen Jiansheng reply Urology

The HPV vaccine is preventive rather than therapeutic.
Clinically, any new growth can be considered a recurrence, and if there are no visible signs of disease, surgical intervention may be considered.
It is also advisable for the partner to seek medical evaluation and consider vaccination.

Reply Date: 2018/08/15

More Info

Understanding HPV and Genital Warts: Vaccination, Treatment, and Concerns
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection, with over 100 different types. Among these, certain strains are classified as high-risk due to their association with various cancers, including cervical cancer, while others can lead to benign conditions like genital warts, also known as condylomata acuminata. It’s understandable to feel concerned after being diagnosed with genital warts, especially when considering the implications for your health and your partner's health.

1. Vaccination After Diagnosis: You mentioned receiving the first dose of the HPV vaccine after the diagnosis of genital warts. While the vaccine is most effective when administered before exposure to the virus, it can still provide benefits even after the diagnosis. The vaccine protects against certain strains of HPV that may not be present in your current infection. Therefore, continuing the vaccination series is recommended, as it can help prevent future infections from other HPV types.

2. Transmission and Infectious Period: Genital warts can be contagious, and the risk of transmission is highest when warts are present. However, HPV can also be transmitted even when no visible warts are present due to the virus residing in the skin. It is generally advised to avoid sexual activity until the warts are completely treated and resolved. This can take several weeks to months, depending on the treatment and individual response. It’s prudent to wait until you have no new warts for at least two weeks before resuming sexual activity to minimize the risk of transmission.

3. Recurrence and Monitoring: Recurrence refers to the appearance of warts in the same area after treatment. However, new warts can also develop in different locations, which may indicate a new infection rather than a recurrence. Regular follow-up with your healthcare provider is essential to monitor for any new growths. It is advisable to have HPV testing done three months after treatment to assess the presence of the virus, especially if new warts appear.

4. Surgical Considerations: Regarding your concern about phimosis (tight foreskin), it is generally recommended to wait until the HPV treatment is completed and you have no active lesions before undergoing circumcision. This is to ensure that the surgical site is not compromised by the presence of the virus, which could lead to complications or delayed healing.

5. Partner Considerations: Your partner, who currently shows no symptoms, should consider getting evaluated by a healthcare provider. Even in the absence of symptoms, it is possible for them to carry the virus and transmit it. Vaccination is also recommended for them, as it can help protect against strains they may not have been exposed to yet.

6. Severity of Genital Warts: While genital warts can be distressing, they are generally not considered a severe health threat compared to other HPV-related conditions, such as cervical cancer. However, they can cause psychological distress and discomfort. Treatment options are available, including topical medications, cryotherapy, and surgical removal, which can effectively manage the condition.

In conclusion, while the diagnosis of genital warts can be alarming, it is important to approach the situation with a clear understanding of the virus, treatment options, and preventive measures. Continue with your vaccination series, monitor your condition closely, and maintain open communication with your healthcare provider and partner. This proactive approach will help you manage your health effectively and reduce the risk of transmission.

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