Human Cartilage Development and Its Changes After Puberty

Q: Human Cartilage Development and Its Changes After Puberty

1. Cartilage can be classified into three main types： hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage. The cartilage found in the joints of the limbs is hyaline cartilage, which generally ceases to grow after adulthood. 2. Yes.

Development of Human Cartilage

Hello, Doctor.
I have two questions to ask.

1.
At what age does the development of human cartilage typically stop?
2.
I understand that once the growth plates close, the development of hard bone ceases.
Does this mean that after the completion of hard bone development, the thickness of cartilage will no longer change? For instance, in the case of the cartilage in the knees and spine, aside from regeneration due to cartilage wear, generally speaking, does the thickness of cartilage not change after puberty? Thank you, Doctor.
I hope everything goes well for you.

Cindy, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/03/25

Dr. Chen Yongxue reply Orthopedics

1.
Cartilage can be classified into three main types: hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage.
The cartilage found in the joints of the limbs is hyaline cartilage, which generally ceases to grow after adulthood.

2.
Yes.

Reply Date: 2020/03/25

More Info

Understanding human cartilage development and its changes after puberty is a complex topic that encompasses various aspects of anatomy, physiology, and pathology.
1. Cartilage Development Timeline: Human cartilage development begins in utero and continues through childhood and adolescence. The majority of cartilage growth occurs during the early years of life, with significant changes happening during puberty. Generally, the growth plates (epiphyseal plates) in long bones close around the ages of 16 to 18 in females and 18 to 21 in males. This closure signifies the end of longitudinal bone growth. However, the development of cartilage does not stop entirely at this point. While the growth in length ceases, the cartilage can continue to undergo changes in structure and composition throughout adulthood.

2. Post-Puberty Changes in Cartilage Thickness: After the growth plates close, the thickness of cartilage in joints, such as the knee and spine, does not significantly increase. However, it is essential to note that cartilage is a dynamic tissue that can undergo remodeling in response to various factors, including mechanical stress, injury, and metabolic changes. In healthy individuals, the cartilage may maintain its thickness for a time, but it is susceptible to wear and tear, especially with age or in the presence of conditions such as osteoarthritis.
In general, the thickness of articular cartilage can remain relatively stable in young adults, but it may begin to decrease with age or due to degenerative changes. Factors such as physical activity, nutrition, and overall joint health can influence cartilage integrity. For instance, regular weight-bearing exercise can help maintain cartilage health, while obesity and joint injuries can accelerate cartilage degradation.

In summary, while the primary growth of cartilage ceases after puberty, the tissue remains subject to changes throughout life. It is crucial to maintain a healthy lifestyle to support cartilage health and mitigate the risk of degenerative joint diseases. If there are concerns about joint pain or changes in mobility, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and appropriate management strategies.

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