Do Flaxseed Oil and Birth Control Pills Interact? - Pharmacology

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Is there any interaction between flaxseed oil and contraceptive pills?


Hello, I have been taking the oral contraceptive "Yueh-Chi" for about five months.
Recently, I discovered that flaxseed oil may have an effect on estrogen levels, as I have been taking flaxseed oil capsules for nearly a year.
I am unsure if this will affect the contraceptive effectiveness.
I usually take the flaxseed oil capsules at 9 AM and take "Yueh-Chi" at 11 PM.
Will this also impact the contraceptive effectiveness? Thank you!

Helen, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/06/10

Dr. Huang Shenggang reply Pharmacology


Hello Helen: Thank you for your inquiry.
Regarding the contraceptive pill "Yue Ji," research indicates that it interacts with food primarily with grapefruit juice, which can increase the concentration of estrogen or progesterone, or both, in the bloodstream and reduce the metabolism and elimination of the medication.
There is no relevant data concerning flaxseed oil.
However, lignans found in flaxseeds may potentially interfere with estrogen levels.
Although there is limited clinical evidence to support this, from a "safety first" perspective, it is prudent to consider that lignans can bind to estrogen receptors and may reduce the activity of estrogen.
For individuals supplementing with estrogen, this could effectively diminish the drug's efficacy.
For instance, consuming flaxseeds or their extracts may "potentially" reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraception.
Thank you.

Reply Date: 2020/06/10

More Info


Flaxseed oil, derived from the seeds of the flax plant, is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, particularly alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and has been studied for its potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory properties and cardiovascular health. However, when it comes to its interaction with birth control pills, such as the one you mentioned (悦己), there are several factors to consider.

Firstly, flaxseed oil does contain phytoestrogens, which are plant-derived compounds that can mimic estrogen in the body. This has raised concerns about whether flaxseed oil could potentially interfere with the hormonal balance maintained by birth control pills. However, current research does not provide conclusive evidence that flaxseed oil significantly affects the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives. The primary mechanism of birth control pills is to prevent ovulation and alter the uterine lining, which is primarily regulated by synthetic hormones. While phytoestrogens can have estrogen-like effects, they are generally much weaker than the estrogen provided by birth control pills.

Regarding the timing of your flaxseed oil and birth control pill intake, taking them at different times of the day (flaxseed oil in the morning and the birth control pill at night) is unlikely to cause any interaction that would affect the efficacy of the contraceptive. The key factor is consistent and correct usage of the birth control pill as prescribed. As long as you take your pill at the same time every day and follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider, the likelihood of reduced effectiveness due to flaxseed oil is minimal.

However, it is essential to consider individual variations in metabolism and hormonal responses. Some women may experience changes in their menstrual cycle or hormonal balance when introducing supplements like flaxseed oil. If you notice any unusual changes in your cycle or any side effects, it would be prudent to consult with your healthcare provider.

Additionally, while flaxseed oil is generally considered safe for most people, it is always best to discuss any supplements you are taking with your healthcare provider, especially when you are on hormonal medications. They can provide personalized advice based on your health history and current medications.

In summary, while flaxseed oil does contain phytoestrogens, there is no strong evidence to suggest that it significantly impacts the effectiveness of birth control pills. Taking them at different times of the day should not pose a risk to the contraceptive's efficacy. However, maintaining open communication with your healthcare provider about all supplements and medications you are taking is crucial for your overall health and well-being. If you have further concerns or experience any side effects, do not hesitate to reach out to your doctor for guidance.

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