HPV Infection in Long-Term Monogamous Relationships - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Why would a monogamous partner get infected with genital warts?


I would like to ask the doctor: I went for a gynecological check-up on September 22 and found out I have genital warts.
I have been with my boyfriend for over 7 years, and we have been each other's only sexual partners.
Why would I still get infected? I often have hard stools, which sometimes cause abrasions around my anal area, and I frequently experience tears before the wounds have healed.
Could this be a factor contributing to the genital warts infection? Does my boyfriend need to get tested for genital warts as well? The gynecologist suggested that I receive the nine-valent HPV vaccine; is it necessary for me to get vaccinated? Can the nine-valent vaccine be administered during the treatment for genital warts, or should it be given only after I have fully recovered? I apologize for having so many questions, as I am completely unfamiliar with this topic and feel very helpless and confused.
Thank you, doctor.

Yinghua, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/09/29

Dr. Wu Xianghui reply Obstetrics and Gynecology


1.
Cauliflower is a sexually transmitted infection.

2.
Treatment options for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection include topical ointments, cryotherapy, electrosurgery, and vaccination.
Additionally, comprehensive health education is essential, and it is recommended to consult a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology for evaluation.

Reply Date: 2020/09/29

More Info


Understanding HPV (Human Papillomavirus) infection, especially in the context of long-term monogamous relationships, can be quite complex. Your situation raises several important points regarding HPV transmission, the role of the immune system, and the implications of vaccination.

Firstly, it's essential to recognize that HPV is a very common virus, with many strains. Some strains are associated with genital warts (often referred to as "cauliflower" due to their appearance), while others are linked to various cancers, including cervical cancer. Even in a long-term monogamous relationship, it is possible for one partner to contract HPV, especially if they were infected prior to the relationship. HPV can remain dormant in the body for years without causing any symptoms, which means that one partner might have had the virus before the relationship began and could transmit it to the other partner later on.

Regarding your specific concerns about the infection and its potential causes, the fact that you experience frequent anal tearing due to hard stools could indeed contribute to the risk of HPV infection. Any disruption to the skin barrier, such as cuts or abrasions, can increase susceptibility to infections, including HPV. Therefore, maintaining good bowel health to prevent hard stools and associated injuries is crucial.

As for your boyfriend, it would be prudent for him to get tested for HPV, especially since you have been diagnosed with an HPV-related condition. While the HPV vaccine can significantly reduce the risk of contracting certain strains of the virus, it is not a cure for existing infections. Therefore, if he has been vaccinated, it may not protect him against the strains you are currently infected with, particularly if those strains were not included in the vaccine he received.

The recommendation for you to receive the 9-valent HPV vaccine is indeed important. The vaccine is designed to prevent future infections with the most common high-risk and low-risk HPV types. It can be administered even if you currently have an HPV infection, as it will not treat existing infections but will help protect against new infections from other strains. It is generally advised to get vaccinated as soon as possible, regardless of the current infection status, as this can help prevent further complications in the future.

In terms of follow-up care, regular screenings such as Pap smears and HPV tests are crucial for monitoring your cervical health, especially after an HPV diagnosis. The frequency of these screenings will depend on your medical history and the recommendations of your healthcare provider.
In summary, while being in a long-term monogamous relationship can reduce the risk of new infections, it does not eliminate the possibility of HPV transmission, especially if one partner was infected prior to the relationship. Maintaining good anal and bowel health, getting your boyfriend tested, and receiving the HPV vaccine are all important steps in managing your health. Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider will also be key in monitoring and addressing any potential issues related to HPV.

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