Ankle Ligament Tear: Is Surgery Necessary for Full Recovery?

Is surgery necessary for an ankle ligament tear?

Hello, I would like to ask about my left foot, which has an open fracture on the outer side that has resulted in a ligament tear.
It has been two weeks, and the swelling has reduced by about 60-70%, but I still cannot put weight on it and need to rely on crutches to walk.
Do I need surgery for this? If I do not have surgery, will I be able to fully recover? Are there any potential long-term complications? Thank you.

Wei, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/12/21

Dr. You Dianqi reply Orthopedics

You have an open fracture.
Will there be surgery? Also, the term "left foot" is a bit broad; does it refer to the ankle or the foot? Additionally, based on the principle that injuries often leave traces, whether you have surgery or not, I believe there will be some differences, to some extent, until complete recovery.

Reply Date: 2020/12/21

More Info

When it comes to ankle ligament tears, particularly in the context of an open fracture, the decision to undergo surgery is often influenced by several factors, including the severity of the injury, the specific ligaments involved, and the overall stability of the ankle joint. In your case, since you have experienced an open fracture along with ligament damage, it is crucial to assess the extent of the injury through imaging studies such as X-rays or MRIs.
In general, if the ligaments are completely torn and the ankle joint is unstable, surgical intervention may be necessary to restore proper alignment and stability. Surgery typically involves repairing or reconstructing the torn ligaments and may also include fixation of the fracture if it has not been adequately stabilized. This approach can help ensure that the ankle heals correctly and can return to its normal function without long-term complications.

On the other hand, if the ligament tear is partial and the ankle remains stable, conservative treatment may be an option. This usually involves rest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE), and physical therapy. In some cases, a brace or splint may be recommended to support the ankle during the healing process. However, it is important to note that while conservative treatment can lead to recovery, it may not always restore full function, especially if the ligaments are significantly damaged.

Regarding your current situation, since you are still experiencing swelling and are unable to bear weight without assistance, it is advisable to consult with an orthopedic specialist. They can provide a thorough evaluation and determine whether surgery is necessary based on the stability of your ankle and the extent of the ligament damage.
As for potential long-term effects, if the injury is not treated adequately, you may be at risk for chronic instability, arthritis, or persistent pain. These complications can arise from improper healing or inadequate rehabilitation. Therefore, it is essential to follow up with your healthcare provider to monitor your recovery and make informed decisions about your treatment plan.

In summary, whether surgery is necessary for a full recovery from an ankle ligament tear depends on the specifics of your injury. A thorough evaluation by an orthopedic specialist is crucial to determine the best course of action. If surgery is not required, a well-structured rehabilitation program can still lead to significant improvement, but it is vital to manage expectations regarding recovery and potential long-term outcomes. Always prioritize open communication with your healthcare team to ensure the best possible recovery trajectory.

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