Emergency Contraceptive Pills and Antibiotics: What You Need to Know

Q: Emergency Contraceptive Pills and Antibiotics: What You Need to Know

Hello, the questioner： Some medications can indeed affect the efficacy of birth control pills, including certain antibiotics, enzyme inducers, and some HIV treatment medications. <br>Among these, cold medications often contain antibiotics. <br>Therefore, if you do not experience

Emergency contraceptive pills and antibiotics?

I previously used a condom but had internal ejaculation, and I'm still worried, so I bought ella to take (about 75 hours after).
I am currently taking the antibiotic cefixime for a urinary tract infection.
Will this have any effect? Thank you.

Wang, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/01/18

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the questioner: Some medications can indeed affect the efficacy of birth control pills, including certain antibiotics, enzyme inducers, and some HIV treatment medications.
Among these, cold medications often contain antibiotics.
Therefore, if you do not experience the expected withdrawal bleeding during the interval between taking the pills, you should suspect the possibility of pregnancy.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health.
Dr.
Zhang

Reply Date: 2022/01/18

More Info

When it comes to emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) like Ella (ulipristal acetate), understanding their interaction with antibiotics is crucial, especially in the context of your situation where you are taking cefixime for a urinary tract infection (UTI).
Ella is a type of emergency contraceptive that works primarily by delaying ovulation. It is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, and it can be taken up to 120 hours (5 days) after. The concern about antibiotics affecting the efficacy of ECPs arises from the fact that certain antibiotics can potentially reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. However, the good news is that cefixime, which is a cephalosporin antibiotic, does not have this effect.
Research has shown that the only antibiotics that have been consistently associated with reduced effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives are rifampin and rifabutin, which are used to treat tuberculosis and some other infections. These antibiotics induce liver enzymes that can increase the metabolism of hormonal contraceptives, thereby reducing their effectiveness. Cefixime does not have this effect, so you can be reassured that taking it alongside Ella should not compromise the effectiveness of the emergency contraceptive.

It's also important to note that while ECPs are effective in preventing pregnancy, they are not 100% guaranteed. Factors such as timing of the pill in relation to ovulation and the timing of unprotected intercourse can influence its effectiveness. Therefore, if you have concerns about potential pregnancy, it may be wise to follow up with a healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance.

In addition to the interaction between ECPs and antibiotics, you should also be aware of the side effects associated with both medications. Ella can cause side effects such as nausea, fatigue, headache, and changes in your menstrual cycle. Cefixime may also have side effects, including gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, and allergic reactions in some individuals. If you experience severe side effects or have any concerns about your medications, it is advisable to consult your healthcare provider.

In summary, taking cefixime for a urinary tract infection will not affect the efficacy of Ella as an emergency contraceptive. However, it is always a good practice to discuss any medications you are taking with your healthcare provider, especially when it comes to emergency contraception and potential interactions. If you have further questions or concerns about your situation, don't hesitate to reach out to a medical professional for personalized advice.

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