Urinary Tests: What Blood and Urine Tests Reveal About Diabetes and Prostate Health

Hello, Director Du. I would like to ask what items are included in the blood and urine tests for urology?

Due to nocturia affecting my sleep quality, I visited a urologist and mentioned that my sister, father, grandmother, and uncle all have a history of diabetes.
The doctor advised me to see an endocrinologist, but he also requested blood and urine tests on the same day.
For the urine test, I was instructed to provide a midstream sample without collecting the initial portion, and the blood test was done directly.
I was fasting that day and did not have breakfast.
I would like to know if the blood and urine tests conducted by a urologist typically include checks related to diabetes, such as blood glucose levels.
During my follow-up appointment, the doctor mentioned that my blood test results were normal (though he did not specify what was normal), and for the urine test, he indicated that I was dehydrated due to insufficient water intake and advised me to drink more water.
He prescribed medications to improve nocturia and urinary tract health, specifically Livial and Betanecol.
Additionally, other tests such as urine flow rate and prostate ultrasound revealed that my bladder is somewhat overactive, as I feel the urge to urinate after just over 200cc.
He advised me to hold my urine for about two hours to train my bladder.
The ultrasound also indicated mild prostate enlargement.
However, I often forget to ask during appointments about how to manage prostate enlargement.
What dietary recommendations are there for prostate health? Should I control sexual activities such as masturbation? Regarding exercise, I ride a road bike; how often should I take breaks to benefit my prostate health?

Mr. Chen, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/10/04

Dr. Du Shixi reply Urology

Hello, I would like to ask if routine blood and urine tests in urology also check for diabetes-related blood glucose levels.
In urine, the presence of glucose can indicate this, but there are no specific numbers.
Whether blood glucose is tested depends on the individual physician, and sometimes patients forget to ask during outpatient visits.
Regarding benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), how should one take care of it? For example, what should one eat? Also, should sexual activity be controlled? It is important to maintain a normal lifestyle, paying attention to diet and hydration.
Ejaculation frequency should be based on individual preference, but it should not be excessive.
Regarding exercise, I ride a road bike; how often should I take breaks for the benefit of the prostate? Prolonged pressure on the perineum is not advisable, so breaks should be taken regularly.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2022/10/04

More Info

Understanding urinary tests is crucial for diagnosing various health conditions, including diabetes and prostate health. In your case, it seems that you have undergone a series of tests due to concerns about nocturia (nighttime urination) and a family history of diabetes. Let's break down what these tests can reveal and how they relate to your health.

Urinalysis and Blood Tests
Urinalysis is a common diagnostic tool that can provide valuable information about your kidney function, urinary tract health, and metabolic conditions like diabetes. In your situation, the urinalysis results indicated that you had a slightly dehydrated state, which can affect the concentration of substances in your urine. The presence of glucose in urine (glycosuria) can be an indicator of diabetes, but it is not definitive. Blood tests, particularly fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c, are more reliable for diagnosing diabetes.

Family History and Risk Factors
Given your family history of diabetes, it is prudent to monitor your blood glucose levels regularly. Family history is a significant risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, and early detection can lead to better management and prevention of complications. If your blood tests came back normal, that is a positive sign, but it is essential to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise.

Prostate Health
Regarding your prostate health, the ultrasound indicated that you have an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH). This condition is common in older men and can lead to symptoms like frequent urination, urgency, and difficulty starting or stopping urination. To manage BPH, lifestyle changes can be beneficial:
1. Diet: Incorporate a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Foods high in antioxidants, such as berries and leafy greens, can support prostate health. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish may also be beneficial.

2. Hydration: Ensure you are adequately hydrated, but try to limit fluid intake before bedtime to reduce nighttime urination.

3. Exercise: Regular physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and reduce symptoms associated with BPH. Activities like walking, cycling, or swimming are excellent options. However, if you are cycling for extended periods, take breaks to relieve pressure on the pelvic area.

4. Sexual Activity: There is no strict guideline on sexual activity concerning prostate health. However, moderation is key. Regular ejaculation may have protective effects against prostate issues, but excessive or compulsive behavior should be avoided.

Monitoring and Follow-Up
It is essential to follow up with your healthcare provider regarding your urinary symptoms and any changes in your health. If you continue to experience nocturia or other urinary issues, further evaluation may be necessary. Additionally, if you have concerns about your blood glucose levels or diabetes risk, consider consulting an endocrinologist for specialized care.

In summary, urinary tests can provide critical insights into your health, particularly concerning diabetes and prostate conditions. Regular monitoring, lifestyle adjustments, and open communication with your healthcare provider are vital steps in managing your health effectively.

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