Managing Knee Pain: Tips for Athletes with Cartilage Wear

Knee

Vice Dean, I have had knee issues since I was around fifteen or sixteen years old, diagnosed by a doctor due to cartilage wear from sports.
It hasn't been a major problem, just some noise when squatting or lifting my leg.
However, recently after running a few times, I've started to feel pain while walking, though it's not consistent, and the inner part of my knee feels more severe.
What should I do?

Kenneth, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2003/12/16

Dr. Hong Ximing reply Orthopedics

Knee joint pain is primarily caused by cartilage wear, especially on the medial side due to the body's center of gravity, which makes it more susceptible to wear.
It is recommended to stop running for 2-3 weeks to allow the joint to rest and to avoid uphill and downhill activities.
If there is no improvement, it is necessary to consult an orthopedic physician to determine whether arthroscopy is needed.

Reply Date: 2003/12/16

More Info

Managing knee pain, especially for athletes dealing with cartilage wear, requires a multifaceted approach that combines rest, rehabilitation, and preventive strategies. Given your history of cartilage wear and the recent increase in pain during activities like running and walking, it’s essential to address both the symptoms and the underlying causes of your discomfort.

Understanding Cartilage Wear
Cartilage is a smooth, rubbery tissue that covers the ends of bones in joints, allowing for smooth movement and acting as a cushion to absorb shock. When cartilage wears down, it can lead to pain, swelling, and decreased mobility. This condition is often exacerbated by high-impact activities, such as running, which can place significant stress on the knee joint.

Immediate Management Strategies
1. Rest and Activity Modification: It’s crucial to give your knee a break. If running exacerbates your pain, consider switching to low-impact activities such as swimming or cycling, which can help maintain fitness without putting undue stress on your knees.

2. Ice Therapy: Applying ice to the knee for 15-20 minutes after activity can help reduce inflammation and numb pain. This is particularly useful if you notice swelling or increased discomfort after running.

3. Compression and Elevation: Using a knee brace or wrap can provide support and reduce swelling. Elevating your leg can also help decrease swelling, especially after activity.

Rehabilitation and Strengthening
1. Physical Therapy: Engaging in a physical therapy program can be highly beneficial. A physical therapist can design a personalized exercise regimen focusing on strengthening the muscles around the knee, particularly the quadriceps and hamstrings, which can help stabilize the joint and reduce pain.

2. Stretching and Flexibility Exercises: Incorporating stretching into your routine can improve flexibility and reduce tension in the muscles surrounding the knee. Focus on the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles.

3. Strength Training: Strengthening the muscles around the knee can help alleviate some of the pressure on the cartilage. Exercises like leg presses, squats (with proper form), and lunges can be effective, but they should be done under the guidance of a professional to avoid further injury.

Long-term Management and Prevention
1. Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight can significantly reduce the stress placed on your knees. Even a small amount of weight loss can lead to noticeable improvements in knee pain.

2. Footwear: Ensure that you are wearing appropriate footwear that provides adequate support and cushioning. Consider visiting a specialty running store for advice on shoes that suit your foot type and running style.

3. Cross-Training: Incorporating a variety of activities into your fitness routine can help prevent overuse injuries. Activities like yoga, pilates, or resistance training can improve overall strength and flexibility without stressing the knee joint.

4. Nutritional Support: Some studies suggest that supplements like glucosamine and chondroitin may help with joint health, although results can vary. A balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods (like omega-3 fatty acids found in fish) can also support joint health.

When to Seek Medical Attention
If your knee pain persists or worsens despite these interventions, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional. They may recommend imaging studies, such as an MRI, to assess the extent of cartilage wear and rule out other potential issues, such as meniscus tears or ligament injuries.

Conclusion
Managing knee pain due to cartilage wear involves a combination of rest, rehabilitation, and preventive strategies. By modifying your activities, engaging in targeted exercises, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, you can alleviate pain and improve your knee function. Always listen to your body and consult with healthcare professionals when needed to ensure you’re on the right track to recovery and long-term joint health.

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