the High Recurrence Rate of Genital Warts: Key Insights

Q: the High Recurrence Rate of Genital Warts: Key Insights

Hello： <br>1. <br>The recurrence rate of genital warts is quite high. <br>If all lesions have been removed, does recurrence mean that new warts (lesions) appear again? Or can the area appear completely healthy while still harboring the wart virus, which could potentially infect o

Cauliflower has a high recurrence rate?

1.
The recurrence rate of genital warts (condylomata acuminata) is indeed high.
If all visible lesions have been removed, the definition of recurrence refers to the reappearance of genital warts (lesions).
However, it is also possible for the human papillomavirus (HPV) to remain dormant in the body, even when the skin appears completely healthy.
This dormant virus can still potentially be transmitted to others.
2.
HPV has an incubation period, and it is possible for the virus to remain latent in other areas of the body even after a year, especially if lesions were present in four locations.
If you initially had an injury due to improper hair removal and engaged in sexual activity, mistaking the symptoms for folliculitis, it is understandable that the presence of genital warts went unnoticed for a long time.
After treating all visible lesions and receiving the HPV vaccine, it is unlikely that there would be any latent virus remaining that could cause new lesions after more than a year, especially if there has been no sexual activity during that time.

wwe, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/05/29

Dr. Du Shixi reply Urology

Hello:
1.
The recurrence rate of genital warts is quite high.
If all lesions have been removed, does recurrence mean that new warts (lesions) appear again? Or can the area appear completely healthy while still harboring the wart virus, which could potentially infect others? --> It is possible, but the likelihood is lower than the emergence of new lesions.
2.
The wart virus has an incubation period.
If a year has passed and there are four treated lesions, could there still be other areas where the virus is latent but has not yet manifested? (Because initially, I had an injury from improper hair removal during sexual activity, mistaking it for an ingrown hair, leading to the growth of polyps, and I did not realize it was genital warts until much later, about a year.) I would like to know if after treating all lesions and getting vaccinated, there should not be any latent virus remaining for over a year, right? (There has been no sexual activity during that year.) --> There are very few cases where outbreaks occur after a year, but they are rare.
Generally, after six months, you can feel more reassured.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2023/05/29

More Info

Genital warts, caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), are known for their high recurrence rates. Understanding the nature of this recurrence is crucial for both patients and healthcare providers.
1. Definition of Recurrence: Recurrence of genital warts refers to the reappearance of warts after they have been treated and cleared. Even if the visible lesions are removed, the underlying HPV can remain dormant in the body. This means that while the skin may appear healthy, the virus can still be present in the epithelial cells, potentially leading to future outbreaks. This latent state is a significant factor in the high recurrence rates associated with genital warts. It is essential to understand that even if a person feels symptom-free, they can still transmit the virus to sexual partners.

2. Latency and Potential for New Lesions: HPV has a variable incubation period, and while many individuals may not develop visible warts immediately after exposure, the virus can remain inactive for months or even years. If you have had genital warts and have successfully treated the visible lesions, it is still possible for the virus to be present in other areas of the genital region or even in the surrounding skin. The risk of new lesions developing can persist, especially if the immune system is compromised or if there are other risk factors involved.

3. Vaccination and Future Risk: Vaccination against HPV, such as the Gardasil vaccine, can significantly reduce the risk of developing genital warts and other HPV-related diseases. If you have already treated all visible lesions and are considering vaccination, it is a proactive step. However, it is important to note that the vaccine is most effective when administered before the onset of sexual activity. If you have already been exposed to the virus, the vaccine may not eliminate the risk of recurrence from the strains you have already contracted, but it can protect against other strains of HPV that you have not been exposed to.

4. Monitoring and Prevention: After treatment, it is advisable to have regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider to monitor for any signs of recurrence. Practicing safe sex, including the use of condoms, can help reduce the risk of transmission, although it does not provide complete protection against HPV. Open communication with sexual partners about HPV status and vaccination can also play a crucial role in prevention.

In conclusion, while the visible signs of genital warts can be treated, the underlying HPV can remain dormant, leading to potential recurrences. Understanding this aspect of the virus is vital for managing expectations and taking preventive measures. Vaccination can be a valuable tool in reducing the risk of future outbreaks and protecting against other HPV strains. If you have concerns about recurrence or transmission, discussing them with a healthcare provider can provide personalized guidance and support.

Similar Q&A

Understanding Recurrence of Genital Warts: Causes and Prevention

I was diagnosed with a genital wart infection in 2015 and underwent laser removal of the lesions. I had 5 to 6 follow-up visits, and around September 2016, I had my last recurrence treated with laser removal on the same day I received my third dose of the quadrivalent Gardasil va...

Dr. Liu Mingyue reply Urology
Genital warts, commonly known as "cauliflower," are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Currently, more than 170 types of HPV have been identified, and even the 9-valent vaccine provides only about 90% protection against genital warts (90% of genital w...

Understanding Recurrence vs. New Infection of Genital Warts: Key Insights

Hello, doctor. I would like to ask a question. About ten years ago, I was diagnosed with genital warts and underwent treatment. I continued to follow up at the clinic every three months. I also have regular Pap smears and pelvic exams every year, and there have been no recurrence...

Dr. Ke Fangxu reply Surgery
Recurrence or new infections may depend on whether there is a history of exposure. Although it is said that if warts do not recur for two years after treatment, one can be considered cured, this does not mean that they will never recur in a lifetime. If new lesions appear, treatm...

Understanding HPV: Concerns About Recurrence and Treatment Options

Hello Doctor: In August 2018, I was diagnosed with HPV types 11 and 16, and I had visible warts. After undergoing two rounds of electrosurgery, they did not recur. In 2020, I was tested again and HPV type 11 was negative, but HPV type 16 was still present. In October 2022, I was ...

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Hello, the HPV that primarily causes genital warts is mostly type 6 and type 11. The high-risk HPV types associated with cervical cancer are types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58. Glands generally refer to structures that secrete vaginal lubrication. Sexually transmitted infec...

Managing Recurring Genital Warts: Treatment Options and Concerns

Hello doctor, my onset of symptoms was at the end of September 2016 when I was diagnosed with genital warts located near the vaginal opening and labia. I underwent electrosurgery on October 8. After the procedure, I applied a topical ointment prescribed by my gynecologist to aid ...

Dr. Du Shixi reply Urology
Hello: If you have been seen at a clinic, I recommend that you go to a hospital. Some warts can be treated and may not cause further issues, while others can recur frequently and are very difficult to heal (this is related to the strength of the virus and your immune system). Add...