Blood Sugar Levels: Insights for Diabetic Concerns

Diabetes-related issues

Hello doctor, I have a family history of diabetes, and recently I've been feeling some unusual symptoms.
Sometimes I urinate a lot, and after fasting for eight hours, my blood glucose level was 118 mg/dL.
My HbA1c was 4.4%, and the doctor said the hemoglobin level is fine, suggesting that the blood glucose elevation might be due to my diet that day.
After that, I didn't eat anything at all and tested my fasting blood glucose again the next morning at 7 AM, which was 104 mg/dL.
However, the doctor mentioned that since I hadn't eaten for a long time, the result might not be accurate.

Could you please tell me, doctor, since my blood glucose is elevated but my hemoglobin level is normal, will my blood glucose return to normal levels on its own after some time? If this indicates that my body is unable to fully metabolize sugars, does it mean I should avoid sweets and sugary foods in the future?

., 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2023/11/07

Dr. Li Jian reply Internal Medicine

You may also consider visiting a metabolic clinic for an oral glucose tolerance test.
Thank you for your inquiry.

Reply Date: 2023/11/07

More Info

Understanding blood sugar levels is crucial, especially for individuals with a family history of diabetes. Your recent experiences with fluctuating blood sugar levels and the normal glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) result indicate that you are in a complex situation that requires careful monitoring and understanding.

Firstly, let's clarify the significance of your blood sugar readings. A fasting blood sugar level of 118 mg/dL is considered elevated, as normal fasting blood sugar levels should be below 100 mg/dL. Levels between 100 mg/dL and 125 mg/dL are classified as "impaired fasting glucose," which is a precursor to diabetes. Your subsequent reading of 104 mg/dL, while lower, still falls within the impaired range. The fact that your HbA1c is 4.4% is reassuring, as it indicates that your average blood sugar levels over the past two to three months have been well within the normal range (typically below 5.7% is considered normal).

The fluctuation in your blood sugar levels could be attributed to various factors, including diet, stress, physical activity, and even the timing of your meals. It is essential to note that blood sugar levels can vary significantly based on what you eat and when you eat it. For instance, if you consume a high-carbohydrate meal, your blood sugar may spike temporarily, but it should ideally return to baseline levels after a few hours, especially if your body is functioning correctly.

Regarding your concern about whether your blood sugar will return to normal levels on its own, it is possible, especially if you maintain a balanced diet and engage in regular physical activity. However, it is crucial to monitor your blood sugar levels consistently. If you notice persistent elevations, it may indicate that your body is struggling to metabolize glucose effectively, which could lead to insulin resistance over time.

As for dietary considerations, it is not necessary to eliminate all sweets or carbohydrates from your diet. Instead, focus on moderation and balance. Incorporating complex carbohydrates, such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, while limiting simple sugars and refined carbohydrates, can help manage blood sugar levels. Additionally, pairing carbohydrates with protein or healthy fats can slow down the absorption of sugar into your bloodstream, preventing spikes in blood sugar.

It is also essential to consider lifestyle factors. Regular exercise can improve insulin sensitivity, helping your body utilize glucose more effectively. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week, along with strength training exercises.

Lastly, given your family history of diabetes and your current symptoms, it would be wise to maintain regular check-ups with your healthcare provider. They may recommend periodic blood tests to monitor your glucose levels and HbA1c, as well as provide personalized advice based on your health status.

In summary, while your blood sugar levels are currently elevated, your HbA1c indicates good long-term control. Focus on a balanced diet, regular exercise, and consistent monitoring of your blood sugar levels. If you have further concerns or if your symptoms persist, do not hesitate to consult your healthcare provider for tailored advice and potential interventions.

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