Labial Swelling: Causes and When to Seek Help - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Labial swelling, particularly when it occurs near the vaginal area, can be concerning, but it's important to understand the potential causes and when to seek medical help. Based on your description of a painless, movable, round swelling near the labia, there are several possibilities to consider.


Common Causes of Labial Swelling
1. Cysts: One of the most common causes of labial swelling is the presence of a cyst, such as a Bartholin's cyst. These cysts form when the glands that lubricate the vagina become blocked, leading to fluid accumulation. They are usually painless and can vary in size.

2. Lymphadenopathy: Swelling in the labial area can also be due to swollen lymph nodes, which may occur in response to infections or other systemic conditions. If the swelling is associated with other symptoms like fever or systemic illness, this could be a sign of an underlying infection.

3. Infections: Various infections, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or yeast infections, can cause swelling in the labial area. While these often come with additional symptoms such as itching, burning, or unusual discharge, some infections may present with minimal symptoms.

4. Allergic Reactions: Allergies to soaps, detergents, or other products that come into contact with the genital area can lead to localized swelling and irritation.

5. Trauma or Injury: Any recent trauma or injury to the area, even if minor, can cause swelling. This could be from vigorous sexual activity, exercise, or other physical activities.

6. Tumors: Although less common, benign or malignant tumors can also present as swelling in the labial area. These are typically not movable and may be associated with other symptoms.


When to Seek Medical Help
While many causes of labial swelling are benign, there are specific situations where you should seek medical attention:
- Persistent Swelling: If the swelling does not resolve within a few days or continues to grow, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare provider.


- Pain or Discomfort: If you start experiencing pain, discomfort, or any changes in sensation, this could indicate an infection or other complications that require evaluation.

- Changes in Appearance: If the swelling changes in color, becomes red, or starts to discharge fluid, these could be signs of an infection or other issues.

- Accompanying Symptoms: If you experience fever, chills, or other systemic symptoms, it’s important to seek medical care promptly.

- Sexual Activity Concerns: If you are sexually active and have concerns about STIs, it’s crucial to get tested and evaluated by a healthcare professional.


Conclusion
In summary, labial swelling can arise from various causes, most of which are benign. However, it’s essential to monitor the situation and seek medical advice if the swelling persists, changes, or is accompanied by other symptoms. A healthcare provider can perform a thorough examination, possibly including imaging or laboratory tests, to determine the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment. Always prioritize your health and do not hesitate to reach out to a medical professional for concerns regarding changes in your body.